Alignment of non-spherical active particles in chaotic flows
arXiv:1909.02458 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.138003
Abstract
We study the orientation statistics of spheroidal, axisymmetric microswimmers, with shapes ranging from disks to rods, swimming in chaotic, moderately turbulent flows. Numerical simulations show that rod-like active particles preferentially align with the flow velocity. To explain the underlying mechanism we solve a statistical model via perturbation theory. We show that such alignment is caused by correlations of fluid velocity and its gradients along particle paths combined with fore-aft symmetry breaking due to both swimming and particle nonsphericity. Remarkably, the discovered alignment is found to be a robust kinematical effect, independent of the underlying flow evolution. We discuss its possible relevance for aquatic ecology.
arXiv comment5 pages, 3 figures, Supplements in Ancillary directory, accepted in Physical Review Letters
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