First Law of Thermodynamics and Emergence of Cosmic Space in a Non-Flat Universe
arXiv:1908.03349 · doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2019/12/024
Abstract
The emergence of cosmic space as cosmic time progresses is an exciting idea advanced by Padmanabhan to explain the accelerated expansion of the universe. The generalization of Padmanabhan's conjecture to the non-flat universe has resulted in scepticism about the choice of volume such that the law of emergence can not be appropriately formulated if one uses proper invariant volume. The deep connection between the first law of thermodynamics and the law of emergence \cite{mahith}, motivate us to explore the status of the first law in a non-flat universe when one uses proper invariant volume. We have shown that the first law of thermodynamics, cannot be formulated properly for a non-flat universe using proper invariant volume. We have also investigated the status of the first law of the form in a non-flat universe. We have shown that the energy change dE within the horizon and the outward energy flux are not equivalent to each other in a non-flat universe when we use the proper invariant volume. We have further shown that the consistency between the above two forms of the first law claimed in Ref. \cite{caiakb} will hold only with the use of the areal volume of the horizon. Thus, a consistent formulation of the above two forms of the first law of thermodynamics demands the use of areal volume.
arXiv comment17 pages
References in corpus (39)
- Thermodynamics of Spacetime: The Einstein Equation of State
- On the Origin of Gravity and the Laws of Newton
- Thermodynamical Aspects of Gravity: New insights
- First Law of Thermodynamics and Friedmann Equations of Friedmann-Robertson-Walker Universe
- Unified first law of black-hole dynamics and relativistic thermodynamics
- Thermodynamic Behavior of Friedmann Equation at Apparent Horizon of FRW Universe
- Non-equilibrium Thermodynamics of Spacetime
- Unified First Law and Thermodynamics of Apparent Horizon in FRW Universe
- Thermodynamic route to Field equations in Lanczos-Lovelock Gravity
- Equipartition of energy in the horizon degrees of freedom and the emergence of gravity
- Entropy of Static Spacetimes and Microscopic Density of States
- Friedmann Equations and Thermodynamics of Apparent Horizons
- Thermodynamics of Apparent Horizon in Brane World Scenario
- General Relativity from a Thermodynamic Perspective
- Thermodynamics of apparent horizon and modified Friedman equations
- Emergent Gravity Paradigm: Recent Progress
- Emergent Models for Gravity: an Overview of Microscopic Models
- Friedmann equations from emergence of cosmic space
- Lanczos-Lovelock gravity from a thermodynamic perspective
- Emergence of Cosmic Space and the Generalized Holographic Equipartition
- Emergence of Space and Spacetime Dynamics of Friedmann-Robertson-Walker Universe
- First law of thermodynamics and Friedmann-like equations in braneworld cosmology
- Evolution of Spacetime arises due to the departure from Holographic Equipartition in all Lanczos-Lovelock Theories of Gravity
- Holographic equipartition and the maximization of entropy
- Geometrical variables with direct thermodynamic significance in Lanczos-Lovelock gravity
- Emergent Friedmann equation from the evolution of cosmic space revisited
- Thermodynamic constraints on a varying cosmological-constant-like term from the holographic equipartition law with a power-law corrected entropy
- Do We Really Understand the Cosmos?
- Entropy Maximization in the Emergent Gravity Paradigm
- A Physical Interpretation of Gravitational Field Equations
- Accelerated Expansion of the Universe based on Emergence of Space and Thermodynamics of the Horizon
- Friedmann equations and emergence of cosmic space
- Thermodynamics of the apparent horizon in infrared modified Horava-Lifshitz gravity
- Emergent Geometry from Quantized Spacetime
- Gravity and/is Thermodynamics
- Generalized entropies and the expansion law of the universe
- Expansion Law From First Law of Thermodynamics
- Generalized Holographic Equipartition for Friedmann-Robertson-Walker Universes
- The quantum effect on Friedmann equation in FRW universe