Lifetime renormalization of driven weakly anharmonic superconducting qubits: II. The readout problem

Abstract

Recent experiments in superconducting qubit systems have shown an unexpectedly strong dependence of the qubit relaxation rate on the readout drive power. This phenomenon limits the maximum measurement strength and thus the achievable readout speed and fidelity. We address this problem here and provide a plausible mechanism for drive-power dependence of relaxation rates. To this end we introduce a two-parameter perturbative expansion in qubit anharmonicity and the drive amplitude through a unitary transformation technique introduced in Part I. This approach naturally reveals number non-conserving terms in the Josephson potential as a fundamental mechanism through which applied microwave drives can activate additional relaxation mechanisms. We present our results in terms of an effective master equation with renormalized state- and drive-dependent transition frequency and relaxation rates. Comparison of numerical results from this effective master equation to those obtained from a Lindblad master equation which only includes number-conserving terms (i.e. Kerr interactions) shows that number non-conserving terms can lead to significant drive-power dependence of the relaxation rates. The systematic expansion technique introduced here is of general applicability to obtaining effective master equations for driven-dissipative quantum systems that contain weakly non-linear degrees of freedom.

arXiv comment28 pages, 6 figures, 4 tables

References in corpus (41)

• Circuit Quantum Electrodynamics: Coherent Coupling of a Single Photon to a Cooper Pair Box
• Charge insensitive qubit design derived from the Cooper pair box
• Cavity quantum electrodynamics for superconducting electrical circuits: an architecture for quantum computation
• Quantum state engineering with Josephson-junction devices
• Manipulating the Quantum State of an Electrical Circuit
• Confining the state of light to a quantum manifold by engineered two-photon loss
• Procedure for systematically tuning up crosstalk in the cross resonance gate
• Black-box superconducting circuit quantization
• To catch and reverse a quantum jump mid-flight
• Engineering the quantum states of light in a Kerr-nonlinear resonator by two-photon driving
• Dispersive regime of circuit QED: photon-dependent qubit dephasing and relaxation rates
• A universal gate for fixed-frequency qubits via a tunable bus
• Demonstration of Universal Parametric Entangling Gates on a Multi-Qubit Lattice
• Effective operator formalism for open quantum systems
• High-Fidelity Readout in Circuit Quantum Electrodynamics Using the Jaynes-Cummings Nonlinearity
• Measurement-induced state transitions in a superconducting qubit: Beyond the rotating wave approximation
• Parametrically Activated Entangling Gates Using Transmon Qubits
• Josephson junction-embedded transmission-line resonators: from Kerr medium to in-line transmon
• Optimizing the nonlinearity and dissipation of a SNAIL Parametric Amplifier for dynamic range
• Microwave-activated conditional-phase gate for superconducting qubits
• Improved Superconducting Qubit Readout by Qubit-Induced Nonlinearities
• Response of the Strongly-Driven Jaynes-Cummings Oscillator
• Measurement-induced qubit state mixing in circuit QED from up-converted dephasing noise
• Kerr-free three-wave mixing in superconducting quantum circuits
• Analytical modeling of parametrically-modulated transmon qubits
• Generalized Schrieffer-Wolff Formalism for Dissipative Systems
• Engineering bilinear mode coupling in circuit QED: Theory and experiment
• Purcell effect with microwave drive: Suppression of qubit relaxation rate
• Cutoff-free Circuit Quantum Electrodynamics
• Phonon-Assisted Gain in a Semiconductor Double Quantum Dot Maser
• SNEG - Mathematica package for symbolic calculations with second-quantization-operator expressions
• Dephasing-assisted Gain and Loss in Mesoscopic Quantum Systems
• Keldysh meets Lindblad: Correlated Gain and Loss in Higher-Order Perturbation Theory
• Quantum Zeno effect in the strong measurement regime of circuit quantum electrodynamics
• Structural instability of driven Josephson circuits prevented by an inductive shunt
• Simple Impedance Response Formulas for the Dispersive Interaction Rates in the Effective Hamiltonians of Low Anharmonicity Superconducting Qubits
• Lifetime renormalization of weakly anharmonic superconducting qubits: I. Role of number non-conserving terms
• Adiabatic elimination in quantum stochastic models
• Non-Markovian dynamics of a superconducting qubit in an open multimode resonator
• Protocol for high fidelity readout in the photon blockade regime of circuit QED
• Low dimensional manifolds for exact representation of open quantum systems

Cited by in corpus (31)

• Circuit Quantum Electrodynamics
• First-principles analysis of cross-resonance gate operation
• Dynamics of Transmon Ionization
• Measurement-Induced Transmon Ionization
• On the static effective Hamiltonian of a rapidly driven nonlinear system
• The squeezed Kerr oscillator: spectral kissing and phase-flip robustness
• Quantum non-demolition dispersive readout of a superconducting artificial atom using large photon numbers
• Accurate methods for the analysis of strong-drive effects in parametric gates
• Lifetime renormalization of weakly anharmonic superconducting qubits: I. Role of number non-conserving terms
• Mitigating off-resonant error in the cross-resonance gate
• Photon-noise-tolerant dispersive readout of a superconducting qubit using a nonlinear Purcell filter
• Intrinsic mechanisms for drive-dependent Purcell decay in superconducting quantum circuits
• Designing Kerr Interactions for Quantum Information Processing via Counterrotating Terms of Asymmetric Josephson-Junction Loops
• Optimization of the resonator-induced phase gate for superconducting qubits
• On the static effective Lindbladian of the squeezed Kerr oscillator
• Perturbative diagonalization for time-dependent strong interactions
• Algebraic canonical quantization of lumped superconducting networks
• Structurally stable subharmonic regime of a driven quantum Josephson circuit
• Qubit readouts enabled by qubit cloaking
• A Multi-Qubit Quantum Gate Using the Zeno Effect
• Dissipative Rabi model in the dispersive regime
• Noise reduction in qubit readout with a two-mode squeezed interferometer
• Minimizing the discrimination time for quantum states of an artificial atom
• Practical Trainable Temporal Postprocessor for Multistate Quantum Measurement
• Frozonium: Freezing Anharmonicity in Floquet Superconducting Circuits
• A practical guide for building superconducting quantum devices
• Monitoring the energy of a cavity by observing the emission of a repeatedly excited qubit
• GPU-accelerated Effective Hamiltonian Calculator
• Model Order Reduction for Open Quantum Systems Based on Measurement-adapted Time-coarse Graining
• Systematic Construction of Time-Dependent Hamiltonians for Microwave-Driven Josephson Circuits
• Time-dependent Schrieffer-Wolff-Lindblad Perturbation Theory: measurement-induced dephasing and second-order Stark shift in dispersive readout