Strongly Correlated Quantum Gas Prepared by Direct Laser Cooling
arXiv:1906.05334 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.173401
Abstract
We create a one-dimensional strongly correlated quantum gas of Cs atoms with attractive interactions by direct laser cooling in 300~ms. After compressing and cooling the optically trapped atoms to the vibrational ground state along two tightly confined directions, the emergence of a non-Gaussian time-of-flight distribution along the third, weakly confined direction reveals that the system enters a quantum degenerate regime. We observe a strong reduction of two- and three-body spatial correlations and infer that the atoms are directly cooled into a highly correlated excited metastable state, known as a super-Tonks-Girardeau gas.
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