Distinguishability classes, resource sharing, and bound entanglement distribution

Abstract

Suppose a set of $m$-partite, $m\ge 3$, pure orthogonal fully separable states is given. We consider the task of distinguishing these states perfectly by local operations and classical communication (LOCC) in different $k$-partitions, $1<k<m$. Based on this task, it is possible to classify the sets of product states into different classes. For tripartite systems, a classification of the sets with explicit examples is presented. Few important cases related to the aforesaid task are also studied when the number of parties, $m\ge 4$. These cases never appear for a tripartite system. However, to distinguish any LOCC indistinguishable set, entanglement can be used as resource. An important objective of the present study is to learn about the efficient ways of resource sharing among the parties. We also find an interesting application of multipartite product states which are LOCC indistinguishable in a particular $k$-partition. Starting from such product states, we constitute a protocol to distribute bound entanglement between two spatially separated parties by sending a separable qubit.

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