Spontaneous formation of polar superfluid droplets in a p-wave interacting Bose gas

Abstract

We study the quantum fluctuations in the condensates of a mixture of bosonic atoms and molecules with interspecies p-wave interaction. Our analysis shows that the quantum phase of coexisting atomic and molecular condensates is unstable at the mean-field level. Unlike the mixture of s-wave interaction, the Lee-Huang-Yang correction of p-wave interaction is unexpectedly found here to exhibit an opposite sign with respect to its mean-field term above a critical particle density. This quantum correction to the mean-field energy provides a remarkable mechanism to self-stabilize the phase. The order parameter of this superfluid phase carries opposite finite momenta for the two atomic species while the molecular component is a polar condensate. Such a correlated order spontaneously breaks a rich set of global U(1) gauge, atomic spin, spatial rotation and translation, and time-reversal symmetries. For potential experimental observation, the phenomenon of anisotropic polar superfluid droplets is predicted to occur, when the particle number is kept finite.

arXiv comment10 pages, 7 figures

References in corpus (19)

• Quantum Mechanical Stabilization of a Collapsing Bose-Bose Mixture
• Quantum liquid droplets in a mixture of Bose-Einstein condensates
• Observation of quantum droplets in a strongly dipolar Bose gas
• Observing the Rosensweig instability of a quantum ferrofluid
• Self-bound quantum droplets in atomic mixtures
• Self-bound droplets of a dilute magnetic quantum liquid
• Quantum-fluctuation-driven crossover from a dilute Bose-Einstein condensate to a macro-droplet in a dipolar quantum fluid
• Bright soliton to quantum droplet transition in a mixture of Bose-Einstein condensates
• Resonantly-paired fermionic superfluids
• Dilute Quantum Droplets
• Three-dimensional droplets of swirling superfluids
• Evidence for universal relations describing a gas with $p$-wave interactions
• Quantum droplet of one-dimensional bosons with a three-body attraction
• Spin-orbit coupling induced quantum droplet in ultracold Bose-Fermi mixtures
• p-Wave Resonant Bose Gas: A Finite-Momentum Spinor Superfluid
• Temperature Dependent Density Profiles of Dipolar Droplets
• Observation of broad p-wave Feshbach resonances in ultracold ${}^{85}$Rb-${}^{87}$Rb mixtures
• Finite-momentum superfluidity and phase transitions in a p-wave resonant Bose gas
• Universal relations and normal-state properties of a Fermi gas with laser-dressed mixed-partial-wave interactions

Cited by in corpus (6)

• Quantum droplet in a mixture of Bose-Fermi superfluids
• Miscibility of Binary Bose-Einstein Condensates with $p$-wave Interaction
• Three-body universality in ultracold $p$-wave resonant mixtures
• Novel soliton in dipolar BEC caused by the quantum fluctuations
• Probing $p$-wave effects in spin-density separation of Bose mixtures with the dynamic structure factor
• Superfluid phases and excitations in a cold gas of d-wave interacting bosonic atoms and molecules