Time and momentum-resolved tunneling spectroscopy of pump-driven non-thermal excitations in Mott insulators

Abstract

We present a computational technique to calculate time and momentum resolved non-equilibrium spectral density of correlated systems using a tunneling approach akin scanning tunneling spectroscopy. The important difference is that our probe is extended, basically a copy of the sample, allowing one to extract the momentum information of the excitations. We illustrate the method by measuring the spectrum of a Mott-insulating extended Hubbard chain after a sudden quench with the aid of time-dependent density matrix renormalization group (tDMRG) calculations. We demonstrate that the system realizes a non-thermal state that is an admixture of spin and charge density wave states, with corresponding signatures that are recognizable as in-gap sub-bands. In particular, we identify a band of excitons and one of stable anti-bound states at high energies that gains enhanced visibility after the pump. We do not appreciate noticeable relaxation within the time-scales considered, which is attributed to the lack of decay channels due to spin-charge separation. These ideas can be readily applied to study transient dynamics and spectral signatures of correlation-driven non-equilibrium processes.

arXiv comment2 animations for supplemental material available at: https://github.com/krissiazawadzki/time_momentum_spectrum_tunneling

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• One-particle spectral functions of the one-dimensional Fermionic Hubbard model with one fermion per site at zero and finite magnetic fields
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• Revealing Hund's multiplets in Mott insulators under strong electric fields
• Pump-probe spectroscopy of the one-dimensional extended Hubbard model at half filling
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• Nonclassical dynamics of Néel vector and magnetization accompanied by THz and high-harmonic radiation from ultrafast-light-driven NiO antiferromagnet insulator
• Photo-induced charge, spin, and orbital order in the two-orbital extended Hubbard model
• Time evolution of the local density of states of strongly correlated fermions coupled to a nanoprobe