Measuring the delay time distribution of binary neutron stars. III. Using the individual star formation histories of gravitational wave event host galaxies in the local universe

Abstract

In Paper I (Safarzadeh & Berger 2019) we studied the determination of the delay time distribution (DTD) of binary neutron stars (BNS) through scaling relations between halo/stellar mass and the star formation history (SFH) of galaxies hosting gravitational wave (GW) events in the local universe. Here we explore how a detailed reconstruction of the individual SFHs of BNS merger host galaxies can improve on the use of the scaling relations. We use galaxies from the Galaxy and Mass Assembly (GAMA) survey, which is mass complete at $M_{\ast }>10^9$ M${}_{\odot }$ in the redshift range $0.05<z<0.08$. We use the reconstructed SFHs derived from the Prospector code, for two distinct sets of priors (favoring continuous and bursty SFHs), and convolve those with power law DTDs characterized by an index $\Gamma$ and a minimum delay time $t_{\min }$. We find that with this approach $\mathcal{O}(100)-\mathcal{O}(300)$ host galaxies are required to constrain the DTD parameters, with the number depending on the choice of SFH prior and on the parameters of the true DTD. We further show that using only the host galaxies of BNS mergers, as opposed to the full population of potential host galaxies in the relevant cosmic volume, leads to a minor bias in the recovered DTD parameters. The required host galaxy sample size is nearly an order of magnitude smaller relative to the approach of using scaling relations, and we expect such a host galaxy sample to be collected within a decade or two, prior to the advent of third-generation GW detectors.

arXiv commentAccepted for publication at ApJ Letters

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• Neutron Star Mergers and How to Study Them
• Observational Inference on the Delay Time Distribution of Short Gamma-ray Bursts
• Exploring the sky localization and early warning capabilities of third generation gravitational wave detectors in three-detector network configurations
• The Gravity Collective: A Search for the Electromagnetic Counterpart to the Neutron Star-Black Hole Merger GW190814
• Discovery of the optical afterglow and host galaxy of short GRB181123B at $z=1.754$: Implications for Delay Time Distributions
• The impact of natal kicks on galactic r-process enrichment by neutron star mergers
• Constraining Delay Time Distribution of Binary Neutron Star Mergers from Host Galaxy Properties
• Constraining the delay time distribution of compact binary objects from the stochastic gravitational wave background searches
• Towards a Precision Measurement of Binary Black Holes Formation Channels Using Gravitational Waves and Emission Lines
• Where binary neutron stars merge: predictions from IllustrisTNG
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