Time-crystalline behavior in an engineered spin chain

Abstract

Time crystals appear when systems display a commensurate spontaneous breaking of the discrete time translational invariance imposed by an external periodic drive. No consensus on the definition has been reached as yet, but important aspects comprise robustness against small variations of the parameters and the initial quantum state. Often, disorder and interaction are thought to be essential ingredients for the occurrence of time crystals. We study a finite-length polarized XX spin chain engineered to display a spectrum of equidistant energy levels without drive and show that it keeps a spectrum of equidistant quasienergies in Floquet theory for a large variety of periodic driving schemes. This interesting behavior is explained by mapping the XX spin chain with $N+1$ sites to a single large spin with $S=N/2$ invoking the closure of the group SU(2). For suitably tuned parameters this system realizes time crystals of various periodicities for \emph{all} initial states. The robustness against variations of the parameters is also discussed. Thereby, we establish a clean system without interaction which can display the phenomenon of time crystallization.

arXiv comment17 pages, 5 figures. Title changed. Extended discussion of disorder effects. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B

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• Classical Stochastic Discrete Time Crystals
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• Homogeneous Floquet time crystal from weak ergodicity breaking
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• Time Crystals in the Driven Transverse Field Ising Model under Quasiperiodic Modulation
• Discrete time crystal order in spin chains enabled by Floquet flat bands