Photometric determination of the mass accretion rates of pre-main sequence stars. VI. The case of LH 95 in the Large Magellanic Cloud

Abstract

We report on the accretion properties of low-mass stars in the LH95 association within the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). Using non-contemporaneous wide-band and narrow-band photometry obtained with the HST, we identify 245 low-mass pre-main sequence (PMS) candidates showing H$\alpha$ excess emission above the 4$\sigma$ level. We derive their physical parameters, i.e. effective temperatures, luminosities, masses ($M_{\star }$), ages, accretion luminosities, and mass accretion rates (${\dot{M}}_{\mathrm{acc}}$). We identify two different stellar populations: younger than ~8Myr with median ${\dot{M}}_{\mathrm{acc}}$~5.4x10${}^{-8}{M}_{\odot }$/yr (and $M_{\star }$~0.15-1.8$M_{\odot }$) and older than ~8Myr with median ${\dot{M}}_{\mathrm{acc}}$~4.8x10${}^{-9}{M}_{\odot }$/yr (and $M_{\star }$~0.6-1.2$M_{\odot }$). We find that the younger PMS candidates are assembled in groups around Be stars, while older PMS candidates are uniformly distributed within the region without evidence of clustering. We find that ${\dot{M}}_{\mathrm{acc}}$ in LH95 decreases with time more slowly than what is observed in Galactic star-forming regions (SFRs). This agrees with the recent interpretation according to which higher metallicity limits the accretion process both in rate and duration due to higher radiation pressure. The ${\dot{M}}_{\mathrm{acc}}-M_{\star }$ relationship shows different behaviour at different ages, becoming progressively steeper at older ages, indicating that the effects of mass and age on ${\dot{M}}_{\mathrm{acc}}$ cannot be treated independently. With the aim to identify reliable correlations between mass, age, and ${\dot{M}}_{\mathrm{acc}}$, we used for our PMS candidates a multivariate linear regression fit between these parameters. The comparison between our results with those obtained in other SFRs of our Galaxy and the MCs confirms the importance of the metallicity for the study of the ${\dot{M}}_{\mathrm{acc}}$ evolution in clusters with different environmental conditions.

Accepted for publication in ApJ; 26 pages, 12 pages, 3 tables; abstract shortened. Fixed a typo in the name of a co-author

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• Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam Survey of Cygnus OB2 Complex -- I: Introduction, Photometry and Source Catalog
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• Spitzer Mid-infrared Study of Sh 2-208: Evolution of Protoplanetary Disks in Low-metallicity Environments
• Investigating the Impact of Metallicity on Star Formation in the Outer Galaxy. I. VLT/KMOS Survey of Young Stellar Objects in Canis Major
• Accretion and Outflows in Young Stars with CUBES