Using synchrotron emission modelling of relativistic hydrodynamic jet simulations to study the FR I/FR II dichotomy of Active Galactic nuclei radio jets

Abstract

In this paper three dimensional relativistic hydrodynamic simulations of AGN jets are presented to investigate the FR I/FR II dichotomy. Three simulations are presented which illustrates the difference in morphology for high/low Lorentz factor injection as well as a stratified background medium. Lorentz factors of 10 and 1.0014 were used for the high and low Lorentz factor cases respectively. The hydrodynamic simulations show a division in the morphology of jets based on their initial injection luminosity. An additional simulation was set up to investigate the evolution of the low Lorentz factor jet if the mass injection was lowered after a certain time. A synchrotron emission model was applied to these simulations to reproduce intensity maps at radio frequencies (1.5GHz) which were compared to the observed emission structures of FR I/FR II radio galaxies. The effect of Doppler boosting on the intensity maps was also investigated for different polar angles. The intensity maps of both the high and low Lorentz factor cases reproduced emission structures that resemble those of FR II type radio galaxies with a dominant cocoon region containing time dependent hot spots and filaments. An FR I like structure was, however, produced for the low Lorentz factor case if the mass injection rate was lowered after a set time period.

arXiv comment10 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS

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• The different flavors of extragalactic jets: the role of relativistic flow deceleration
• Making Fanaroff-Riley I radio sources III. The effects of the magnetic field on relativistic jets' propagation and source morphologies
• Numerical Investigation of Dynamical and Morphological Trends in Relativistic Jets