Compact multi-fringe interferometry with sub-picometer precision

Abstract

Deep frequency modulation interferometry combines optical minimalism with multi-fringe readout. Precision however is key for applications such as optical gradiometers for satellite geodesy or as dimensional sensor for ground-based gravity experiments. We present a single-component interferometer smaller than a cubic inch. Two of these are compared to each other to demonstrate tilt and displacement measurements with a precision of less than $20\mathrm{nrad}/\sqrt{\mathrm{Hz}}$ and $1\mathrm{pm}/\sqrt{\mathrm{Hz}}$ at frequencies below $1\mathrm{Hz}$.

6 pages, 4 figures, accepted in Physical Review Applied

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• Reducing suspension control noise with interferometric sensors -- an experimental concept
• The DeepFMKit Python package: A toolbox for simulating and analyzing deep frequency modulation interferometers