First detection of oscillations in the Halo giant HD 122563: validation of seismic scaling relations and new fundamental parameters

Abstract

The nearby metal-poor giant HD122563 is an important astrophysical laboratory for which to test stellar atmospheric and interior physics. It is also a benchmark star for which to calibrate methods to apply to large scale surveys. Recently it has been remeasured using various methodologies given the new high precision instruments at our disposal. However, inconsistencies in the observations and models have been found. In order to better characterise this star we have been measuring its radial velocities since 2016 using the Hertzsprung telescope (SONG network node). In this work we report the first detections of sun-like oscillations in this star, and to our knowledge, a detection in the most metal-poor giant to date. We apply the classical seismic scaling relation to derive a new surface gravity of $\log g_{\nu }=1.39\pm 0.01$ dex. Constraints on the mass imposed by its PopII giant classification then yield a radius of $30.8\pm 1.0$ R${}_{\odot }$. By coupling this with recent interferometric measurements we infer a distance to the star of 306 $\pm$ 9 pc. Data from the Gaia mission corroborates the distance hypothesis ($d_{GDR2}$ = 290 $\pm$ 5 pc), and thus the updated fundamental parameters. We confirm the validity of the seismic scaling relation without corrections for surface gravity in metal-poor and evolved star regimes. The small discrepancy of 0.04 dex reduces to 0.02 dex by applying corrections to the scaling relations. The new constraints on the HR diagram ($L_{\odot }=381\pm 26$) reduce the disagreement between the stellar parameters and evolution models, however, a discrepancy still exists. Fine-tuned stellar evolution calculations show that this can be reconciled by changing the mixing-length parameter by an amount (--0.35) that is in agreement with predictions from recent 3D simulations and empirical results.

Accepted for publication in A&A

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• Espresso observations of HE 0107$-$5240 and other CEMP-no stars with $[Fe/H]\le -4.5$
• LOTUS: A (non-)LTE Optimization Tool for Uniform derivation of Stellar atmospheric parameters
• Benchmarking the effective temperature scale of red giant branch stellar models: the case of the metal-poor halo giant HD 122563