Asymptotic security of continuous-variable quantum key distribution with a discrete modulation
arXiv:1902.01317 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevX.9.021059
Abstract
We establish a lower bound on the asymptotic secret key rate of continuous-variable quantum key distribution with a discrete modulation of coherent states. The bound is valid against collective attacks and is obtained by formulating the problem as a semidefinite program. We illustrate our general approach with the quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) modulation scheme and show that distances over 100 km are achievable for realistic values of noise. We also discuss the application to more complex quadrature amplitude modulations (QAM) schemes. This work is a major step towards establishing the full security of continuous-variable protocols with a discrete modulation in the finite-size regime and opens the way to large-scale deployment of these protocols for quantum key distribution.
11 pages, 5 figures; v2: added discussion of more general quadrature amplitude modulation schemes, v3: close to published version
References in corpus (48)
- The Security of Practical Quantum Key Distribution
- Continuous variable quantum cryptography using coherent states
- Quantum key distribution using gaussian-modulated coherent states
- Fundamental Limits of Repeaterless Quantum Communications
- General Benchmarks for Quantum Repeaters
- Distillation of secret key and entanglement from quantum states
- Experimental demonstration of long-distance continuous-variable quantum key distribution
- Entropic Uncertainty Relations and their Applications
- Continuous variable quantum cryptography
- Tight Finite-Key Analysis for Quantum Cryptography
- Unconditional optimality of Gaussian attacks against continuous-variable QKD
- Quantum key distribution over 25 km with an all-fiber continuous-variable system
- Quantum Cryptography without Switching
- Optimality of Gaussian Attacks in Continuous Variable Quantum Cryptography
- High-rate quantum cryptography in untrusted networks
- The Uncertainty Relation for Smooth Entropies
- Unconditional security proof of long-distance continuous-variable quantum key distribution with discrete modulation
- Quantum Distribution of Gaussian Keys with Squeezed States
- Composable security proof for continuous-variable quantum key distribution with coherent states
- Continuous Variable Quantum Cryptography - beating the 3 dB loss limit
- A de Finetti representation theorem for infinite dimensional quantum systems and applications to quantum cryptography
- Distributing Secret Keys with Quantum Continuous Variables: Principle, Security and Implementations
- Symmetry implies independence
- Extremality of Gaussian quantum states
- A Fully Quantum Asymptotic Equipartition Property
- Long Distance Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution with a Gaussian Modulation
- Security of continuous-variable quantum key distribution via a Gaussian de Finetti reduction
- No-Switching Quantum Key Distribution using Broadband Modulated Coherent Light
- Analysis of Imperfections in Practical Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution
- Virtual Entanglement and Reconciliation Protocols for Quantum Cryptography with Continuous Variables
- Quantum cryptography with a predetermined key, using continuous variable Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen correlations
- Continuous-variable quantum key distribution protocols with a non-Gaussian modulation
- A largely self-contained and complete security proof for quantum key distribution
- Quantum cryptography using balanced homodyne detection
- Virtual noiseless amplification and Gaussian post-selection in continuous-variable quantum key distribution
- Trusted Noise in Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution: a Threat and a Defense
- Security of Binary Modulated Continuous Variable Quantum Key Distribution under Collective Attacks
- Coherent State Quantum Key Distribution with Multi Letter Phase-Shift Keying
- Gaussian Post-selection for Continuous Variable Quantum Cryptography
- High Bit Rate Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution
- Reverse Reconciliation Continuous Variable Quantum Key Distribution Based on the Uncertainty Principle
- Security of coherent state quantum cryptography in the presence of Gaussian noise
- A security proof of continuous-variable QKD using three coherent states
- Experimental Demonstration of Post-Selection based Continuous Variable Quantum Key Distribution in the Presence of Gaussian Noise
- Quantum key distribution with phase-encoded coherent states: Asymptotic security analysis in thermal-loss channels
- Composable security of two-way continuous-variable quantum key distribution without active symmetrization
- Exploring and Experimenting with Shaping Designs for Next-Generation Optical Communications
- Coherent-state constellations and polar codes for thermal Gaussian channels
Cited by in corpus (56)
- Advances in Quantum Cryptography
- Secure quantum key distribution with realistic devices
- Continuous-variable quantum key distribution system: past, present, and future
- Asymptotic security analysis of discrete-modulated continuous-variable quantum key distribution
- Explicit asymptotic secret key rate of continuous-variable quantum key distribution with an arbitrary modulation
- Composable security for continuous variable quantum key distribution: Trust levels and practical key rates in wired and wireless networks
- Experimental Demonstration of High-Rate Discrete-Modulated Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution System
- Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution with Rateless Reconciliation Protocol
- Finite-Size Security for Discrete-Modulated Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution Protocols
- Asymptotic security of discrete-modulation protocols for continuous-variable quantum key distribution
- Continuous-variable quantum cryptography with discrete alphabets: Composable security under collective Gaussian attacks
- Dimension Reduction in Quantum Key Distribution for Continuous- and Discrete-Variable Protocols
- One-Time Shot-Noise Unit Calibration Method for Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution
- Trusted detector noise analysis for discrete modulation schemes of continuous-variable quantum key distribution
- Discrete-modulation continuous-variable quantum key distribution enhanced by quantum scissors
- Quantum key distribution with non-ideal heterodyne detection: composable security of discrete-modulation continuous-variable protocols
- Experimental Demonstration of Discrete Modulation Formats for Continuous Variable Quantum Key Distribution
- Subcarrier wave continuous variable quantum key distribution with discrete modulation: mathematical model and finite-key analysis
- Discrete-modulation continuous-variable quantum key distribution with high key rate
- Automated machine learning for secure key rate in discrete-modulated continuous-variable quantum key distribution
- Optimizing Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution with Phase-Shift Keying Modulation and Postselection
- Tight Secure Key Rates for CV-QKD with 8PSK Modulation
- Characterizing photon number statistics using conjugate optical homodyne detection
- Security of discrete-modulated continuous-variable quantum key distribution
- Agile and versatile quantum communication: signatures and secrets
- Continuous-variable quantum communication
- Integrated quantum communication network and vibration sensing in optical fibers
- Discrete-variable quantum key distribution with homodyne detection
- Towards practical security of continuous-variable quantum key distribution
- Optimizing state-discrimination receivers for continuous-variable quantum key distribution over a wiretap channel
- Coherent detection schemes for subcarrier wave continuous variable quantum key distribution
- Phase tracking for sub-shot-noise-limited receivers
- Performance analysis for OFDM-based multi-carrier continuous-variable quantum key distribution with arbitrary modulation protocol
- Numerical Method for Finite-size Security Analysis of Quantum Key Distribution
- Improved finite-size key rates for discrete-modulated continuous variable quantum key distribution under coherent attacks
- Probabilistic amplitude shaping for continuous-variable quantum key distribution with discrete modulation over a wiretap channel
- A modified practical homodyne detector model for continuous-variable quantum key distribution: detailed security analysis and improvement by the phase-sensitive amplifier
- Teleportation-based collective attacks in Gaussian quantum key distribution
- Non-Gaussian photonic state engineering with the quantum frequency processor
- Homodyne Detection Quadrature Phase Shift Keying Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution with High Excess Noise Tolerance
- Continuous-variable quantum key distribution field-test with true local oscillator
- Refined finite-size analysis of binary-modulation continuous-variable quantum key distribution
- Continuous-variable quantum digital signatures that can withstand coherent attacks
- Approaching the Key Rate Limit in Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution Network
- Continuous-variable quantum key distribution over 50.4 km fiber using integrated silicon photonic transmitter and receiver
- Secure Quantum Pattern Communication
- Countermeasure for negative impact of practical source in continuous-variable measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution
- Robustness of entanglement-based discrete- and continuous-variable quantum key distribution against channel noise
- Analyzing the performance of CV-MDI QKD under continuous-mode scenarios
- Long-distance free-space quantum key distribution with continuous variables
- CV QKD with discretized modulations in the strong noise regime
- Quantum-secure multiparty deep learning
- Security against collective attacks for a continuous-variable quantum key distribution protocol using homodyne detection and postselection
- Finite-size secret-key rates of discrete modulation continuous-variable quantum key distribution under Gaussian attacks
- Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution with Composable Security and Tight Error Correction Bound towards Constrained-Device Implementations
- Finite-size security of QKD: comparison of three proof techniques