Central exclusive diffractive production of $K^{+}{K}^{-}{K}^{+}{K}^{-}$ via the intermediate $\varphi \varphi$ state in proton-proton collisions

Abstract

We present a study of the exclusive $pp\to pp{K}^{+}{K}^{-}{K}^{+}{K}^{-}$ reaction at high energies. We consider diffractive mechanisms with the intermediate $\varphi \varphi$ state with its decay into the $K^{+}{K}^{-}{K}^{+}{K}^{-}$ system. We include the $\varphi (1020)$ $\hat{t}/\hat{u}$-channel exchanges and the $f_2(2340)$ $s$-channel exchange mechanism. This $f_2$ state is a candidate for a tensor glueball. We discuss the possibility to use the $pp\to pp\varphi \varphi$ process in identifying the odderon exchange. An upper limit for the $\mathbb{PO}\varphi$ coupling is extracted from the WA102 experimental data. The amplitudes for the processes are formulated within the tensor-pomeron and vector-odderon approach. We adjust parameters of our model to the WA102 data and present several predictions for the ALICE, ATLAS, CMS and LHCb experiments. Integrated cross sections of order of a few nb are obtained including the experimental cuts relevant for the LHC experiments. The distributions in the four-kaon invariant mass, rapidity distance between the two $\varphi$ mesons, special ``glueball filter variable'', proton-proton relative azimuthal angle are presented. The distribution in rapidity difference of both $\varphi$-mesons could shed light on the $f_2(2340)\to \varphi \varphi$ coupling, not known at present. We discuss the possible role of the $f_0(2100)$, $\eta (2225)$, and $X(2500)$ resonances observed in the $\varphi \varphi$ channel in radiative decays of $J/\psi$. Using typical kinematic cuts for LHC experiments we find from our model that the odderon-exchange contribution should be distinguishable from other contributions for large rapidity distance between the $\varphi$ mesons and in the region of large four-kaon invariant masses. At least, it should be possible to derive an upper limit on the odderon contribution in this reaction.

39 pages, 19 figures

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