Anisotropic inflation with coupled $\mathbf{p}$-forms

Abstract

We study the cosmology in the presence of arbitrary couplings between $p$-forms in 4-dimensional space-time for a general action respecting gauge symmetry and parity invariance. The interaction between 0-form (scalar field $\varphi$) and 3-form fields gives rise to an effective potential $V_{\mathrm{eff}}(\varphi )$ for the former after integrating out the contribution of the latter. We explore the dynamics of inflation on an anisotropic cosmological background for a coupled system of 0-, 1-, and 2-forms. In the absence of interactions between 1- and 2-forms, we derive conditions under which the anisotropic shear endowed with nearly constant energy densities of 1- and 2-forms survives during slow-roll inflation for an arbitrary scalar potential $V_{\mathrm{eff}}(\varphi )$. If 1- and 2-forms are coupled to each other, we show the existence of a new class of anisotropic inflationary solutions in which the energy density of 2-form is sustained by that of 1-form through their interactions. Our general analytic formulas for the anisotropic shear are also confirmed by the numerical analysis for a concrete inflaton potential.

23 pages, 4 figures, version to be published in JCAP

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