The universal emergence of self-affine roughness from deformation

Abstract

Most natural and man-made surfaces appear to be rough on many length scales. There is presently no unifying theory of the origin of roughness or the self-affine nature of surface topography. One likely contributor to the formation of roughness is deformation, which underlies many processes that shape surfaces such as machining, fracture, and wear. Using molecular dynamics, we simulate the bi-axial compression of single-crystal Au, the high-entropy alloy Ni${}_{36.67}$Co${}_{30}$Fe${}_{16.67}$Ti${}_{16.67}$, and amorphous Cu${}_{50}$Zr${}_{50}$, and show that even surfaces of homogeneous materials develop a self-affine structure. By characterizing subsurface deformation, we connect the self-affinity of the surface to the spatial correlation of deformation events occurring within the bulk and present scaling relations for the evolution of roughness with strain.

arXiv comment16 pages, 6 figures

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• On the Origin of Plasticity-Induced Microstructure Change under Sliding Contacts
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• Nonequilibrium plastic roughening of metallic glasses yields self-affine topographies with strain-rate and temperature-dependent scaling exponents
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• Field-theoretical approach to estimate mean gap and gap distribution in randomly rough surface contact mechanics
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