Magnetic anisotropy and spin-polarized two-dimensional electron gas in the van der Waals ferromagnet Cr${}_2$Ge${}_2$Te${}_6$

Abstract

We report a comprehensive experimental investigation on the magnetic anisotropy in bulk single crystals of Cr${}_2$Ge${}_2$Te${}_6$, a quasi-two-dimensional ferromagnet belonging to the family of magnetic layered transition metal trichalcogenides that have attracted recently a big deal of interest with regard to the fundamental and applied aspects of two-dimensional magnetism. For this purpose electron spin resonance (ESR) and ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) measurements have been carried out over a wide frequency and temperature range. A gradual change in the angular dependence of the ESR linewidth at temperatures above the ferromagnetic transition temperature $T_{\mathrm{c}}$ reveals the development of two-dimensional spin correlations in the vicinity of $T_{\mathrm{c}}$ thereby proving the intrinsically low-dimensional character of spin dynamics in Cr${}_2$Ge${}_2$Te${}_6$. Angular and frequency dependent measurements in the ferromagnetic phase clearly show an easy-axis type anisotropy of this compound. Furthermore, these experiments are compared with simulations based on a phenomenological approach, which takes into account results of static magnetization measurements as well as high temperature $g$ factors obtained from ESR spectroscopy in the paramagnetic phase. As a result the determined magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy density (MAE) $K_U$ is $(0.48\pm 0.02)\times 10^6$ erg/cm${}^3$. This analysis is complemented by density functional calculations which yield the experimental MAE value for a particular value of the electronic correlation strength $U$. The analysis of the electronic structure reveals that the low-lying conduction band carries almost completely spin-polarized, quasi-homogeneous, two-dimensional states.

arXiv comment15 pages, 16 figures, accepted version

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Cited by in corpus (36)

• Great enhancement of Curie temperature and magnetic anisotropy in two-dimensional van der Waals magnetic semiconductor heterostructures
• Increased Curie temperature and enhanced perpendicular magneto anisotropy of Cr2Ge2Te6/NiO heterostructure
• Direct observation of the energy gain underpinning ferromagnetic superexchange in the electronic structure of CrGeTe${}_3$
• Electronic structure and magnetic properties of few-layer Cr${}_2$Ge${}_2$Te${}_6$: the key role of nonlocal electron-electron interaction effects
• Magnetic Anisotropy and Low Field Magnetic Phase Diagram of Quasi Two-Dimensional Ferromagnet Cr${}_2$Ge${}_2$Te${}_6$
• Tuning magnetic and transport properties in quasi-2D (Mn${}_{1-x}$Ni${}_x$)${}_2$P${}_2$S${}_6$ single crystals
• Electron spin resonance and ferromagnetic resonance spectroscopy in the high-field phase of the van der Waals magnet CrCl${}_3$
• A spin dynamics study in layered van der Waals single crystal, Cr${}_2$Ge${}_2$Te${}_6$
• Pressure control of the magnetic anisotropy of the quasi-two-dimensional van der Waals ferromagnet Cr${}_2$Ge${}_2$Te${}_6$
• Valence band electronic structure of the van der Waals ferromagnetic insulators: VI${}_3$ and CrI${}_3$
• Topological Hall Effect Driven by Short-Range Magnetic Orders in EuZn${}_2$As${}_2$
• Strongly anisotropic spin dynamics in magnetic topological insulators
• Magnetic field tuning of the spin dynamics in the magnetic topological insulators (MnBi${}_2$Te${}_4$)(Bi${}_2$Te${}_3$)${}_n$
• Systemic Consequences of Disorder in Magnetically Self-Organized Topological MnBi${}_2$Te${}_4/$(Bi${}_2$Te${}_3$)${}_n$ Superlattices
• Room-temperature ferrimagnetism of anti-site-disordered Ca2MnOsO6
• Low-energy excitations and magnetic anisotropy of the layered van der Waals antiferromagnet Ni${}_2$P${}_2$S${}_6$
• Magnetic interactions in the tripod-kagome antiferromagnet Mg${}_2$Gd${}_3$Sb${}_3$O${}_{14}$ probed by static magnetometry and high-field ESR spectroscopy
• Quasi-2D magnetic correlations in Ni${}_2$P${}_2$S${}_6$ probed by ${}^{31}$P NMR
• Large magnetocaloric effect in the kagome ferromagnet Li${}_9$Cr${}_3$(P${}_2$O${}_7$)${}_3$(PO${}_4$)${}_2$
• Strong effects of uniaxial pressure and short-range correlations in Cr2Ge2Te6
• Polaronic Conductivity in Cr${}_2$Ge${}_2$Te${}_6$ Single Crystals
• Disentangling the unusual magnetic anisotropy of the near-room-temperature ferromagnet Fe${}_4$GeTe${}_2$
• Observation of enhanced spin-spin correlations at triple point in 2D ferromagnetic Cr2X2Te6 (X=Si, Ge)
• 2D correlations in the van der Waals ferromagnet CrBr${}_3$ using high frequency electron spin resonance spectroscopy
• Magnetic anisotropy and low-energy spin dynamics in the van der Waals compounds Mn${}_2$P${}_2$S${}_6$ and MnNiP${}_2$S${}_6$
• Pressure evolution of electronic structure and magnetism in the layered van der Waals ferromagnet CrGeTe${}_3$
• Sizable suppression of magnon Hall effect by magnon damping in Cr${}_2$Ge${}_2$Te${}_6$
• Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy on Magnetic Van der Waals Compounds
• Strong uniaxial pressure dependencies evidencing spin-lattice coupling and spin fluctuations in Cr${}_2$Ge${}_2$Te${}_6$
• Evolution of the spin dynamics in the van der Waals system $M_{\text{2}}$P${}_{\text{2}}$S${}_{\text{6}}$ (${\mathbf{M}}_{\text{2}}$ = Mn${}_{\text{2}}$, MnNi, Ni${}_{\text{2}}$) series probed by electron spin resonance spectroscopy
• Discovery of terahertz-frequency orbitally-coupled magnons in a kagome ferromagnet
• Mechanical control of physical properties in the van der Waals ferromagnet Cr2Ge2Te6 via application of electric current
• Magnetic-field tuning of the spin dynamics in the quasi-2D van der Waals antiferromagnet CuCrP${}_2$S${}_6$
• Interplay of electron correlations, spin-orbit couplings, and structural effects for Cu centers in the quasi-two-dimensional magnet InCu${}_{2/3}$V${}_{1/3}$O${}_3$
• Electrically modulated light-emitting diodes driven by resonant and antiresonant tunneling between Cr${}_2$Ge${}_2$Te${}_6$ electrodes
• Phonon-related monochromatic THz radiation and its magneto-modulation in 2D ferromagnetic Cr2Ge2Te6