Vortex mass in the three-dimensional $O(2)$ scalar theory

Abstract

We study the spontaneously broken phase of the $XY$ model in three dimensions, with boundary conditions enforcing the presence of a vortex line. Comparing Monte Carlo and field theoretic determinations of the magnetization and energy density profiles, we numerically determine the mass of the vortex particle in the underlying $O(2)$-invariant quantum field theory. The result shows, in particular, that the obstruction posed by Derrick's theorem to the existence of stable topological particles in scalar theories in more than two dimensions does not in general persist beyond the classical level.

arXiv comment5 pages, 3 figures; comments and references addeed

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• Kink Form Factors
• Topological excitations in statistical field theory at the upper critical dimension
• Constructing Quantum Soliton States Despite Zero Modes
• Mass of quantum topological excitations and order parameter finite size dependence
• On bound states in Quantum Field Theory
• Criticality of the excess energy cost due to the unit-flux-quantum external field for the $(2+1)$D superfluid-insulator transition
• Cardy's Conjecture and the Spectrum of Infrared Strongly-Coupled Quantum Field Theories