Temperature dependence of nuclear spin-isospin response and beta decay in hot astrophysical environments

Abstract

A microscopic approach to the proton-neutron nuclear response is formulated in the finite-temperature relativistic nuclear field theory framework. The approach is based on the meson-nucleon Lagrangian of quantum hadrodynamics and advances the relativistic field theory for spin-isospin response beyond the finite-temperature random phase approximation. The dynamical contribution to the in-medium proton-neutron interaction amplitude is described in a parameter-free way by the coupling between the single nucleons and strongly-correlated particle-hole excitations (phonons) within the newly developed finite-temperature formalism. In this framework we investigate temperature dependence of the Gamow-Teller and spin dipole resonances in the closed-shell nuclei ${}^{48}$Ca, ${}^{78}$Ni, and ${}^{132}$Sn. Broader impacts of their temperature dependence are illustrated for the associated beta decay rates and lifetimes of ${}^{78}$Ni and ${}^{132}$Sn in hot astrophysical environments. We found a remarkable sensitivity of the beta decay rates to the enhanced low-energy spin-isospin strength at finite temperature, in particular, to the contribution of the first-forbidden transitions.

arXiv commentArticle: 10 pages, 6 figures

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