Equations of state from individual one-dimensional Bose gases

Abstract

We trap individual 1D Bose gases and obtain the associated equation of state by combining calibrated confining potentials with in-situ density profiles. Our observations agree well with the exact Yang-Yang 1D thermodynamic solutions under the local density approximation. We find that our final 1D system undergoes inefficient evaporative cooling that decreases the absolute temperature, but monotonically reduces a degeneracy parameter.

arXiv comment19 pages including supplementary material, 5 figures

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• Analytic thermodynamic properties of the Lieb-Liniger gas
• Correlation properties of a one-dimensional repulsive Bose gas at finite temperature
• In Situ Thermometry of Fermionic Cold-Atom Quantum Wires
• Scaling properties of the Tan's contact: embedding pairs and correlation effect in the Tonks limit
• Thermal fading of the $1/k^4$-tail of the momentum distribution induced by the hole anomaly
• How to measure the free energy and partition function from atom-atom correlations
• Particle-hole origin of thermal beating in dipole-compression modes of a 1D Bose gas
• Hole-induced anomaly in the thermodynamic behavior of a one-dimensional Bose gas
• Reflection phase shifts of bouncing Bogoliubov waves