Analytical solutions for a boundary driven XY chain

Abstract

We study non-interacting fermionic systems dissipatively driven at their boundaries, focusing in particular on the case of a non-number-conserving Hamiltonian, which for example describes an $XY$ spin chain. We show that despite the lack of number conservation, it is possible to convert the problem of calculating the normal modes of the master equations and their corresponding rapidities, into diagonalizing simply an $L\times L$ tridiagonal bordered $2-$Toeplitz matrix, where $L$ is the size of the system. Such structure of matrix allows us to further reduce the problem into solving a scalar trigonometric non-linear equation for which we also show, in the case of an Ising chain, exact analytical explicit, and system size independent, solutions.

8 pages, 1 figure

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• Open XXZ spin chain: Nonequilibrium steady state and strict bound on ballistic transport
• Third quantization: a general method to solve master equations for quadratic open Fermi systems
• Absence of Quantum Time Crystals
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