Spin, orbital, Weyl and other glasses in topological superfluids

Abstract

One of the most spectacular discoveries made in superfluid ${}^3$He confined in a nanostructured material like aerogel or nafen was the observation of the destruction of the long-range orientational order by a weak random anisotropy. The quenched random anisotropy provided by the confining material strands produces several different glass states resolved in NMR experiments in the chiral superfluid ${}^3$He-A and in the time-reversal-invariant polar phase. The smooth textures of spin and orbital order parameters in these glasses can be characterized in terms of the randomly distributed topological charges, which describe skyrmions, spin vortices and hopfions. In addition, in these skyrmion glasses the momentum-space topological invariants are randomly distributed in space. The Chern mosaic, Weyl glass, torsion glass and other exotic topological sates are examples of close connections between the real-space and momentum-space topologies in superfluid ${}^3$He phases in aerogel.

arXiv comment20 pages, 6 figures, prepared for QFS-2018, Tokyo

References in corpus (36)

• Big bang simulation in superfluid 3He-B -- Vortex nucleation in neutron-irradiated superflow
• Higher-order topological insulators and superconductors protected by inversion symmetry
• Stability of Fermi Surfaces and K-Theory
• Binding a Hopfion in Chiral Magnet Nanodisk
• Real-Space Berry Phases - Skyrmion Soccer
• Static Hopf Solitons and Knotted Emergent Fields in Solid-State Noncentrosymmetric Magnetic Nanostructures
• Observation of half-quantum vortices in topological superfluid 3He
• Polar phase of superfluid 3He in anisotropic aerogel
• On Larkin-Imry-Ma State of 3He-A in Aerogel
• Skyrme insulators: insulators at the brink of superconductivity
• Defect Formation in Quench-Cooled Superfluid Phase Transition
• Equilibrium First-Order Melting and Second-Order Glass Transitions of the Vortex Matter in Bi${}_2$Sr${}_2$CaCu${}_2$O${}_8$
• Topological superfluid 3He-B in magnetic field and Ising variable
• Glass state of superfluid 3He-A in aerogel
• Orbital glass and spin glass states of 3He-A in aerogel
• Quantum phase transition of chiral Majorana fermion in the presence of disorder
• Phase Diagram of the Superfluid Phases of 3He in 98% Aerogel
• Chern mosaic - topology of chiral superconductivity on ferromagnetic adatom lattices
• Influence of Magnetic Scattering on Superfluidity of 3He in Nematic Aerogel
• Disorder Effects in Topological States -- Brief Review of the Recent Developments
• The Superfluid Glass Phase of 3He-A
• Random Fields, Topology, and The Imry-Ma Argument
• Observation of topological links associated with Hopf insulators in a solid-state quantum simulator
• Interplay of Anisotropy and Disorder in the Doping-Dependent Melting and Glass Transitions of Vortices in Bi${}_2$Sr${}_2$CaCu${}_2$O${}_{8+\delta }$
• Spontaneous skyrmion chains in nanorods with chiral interactions
• Three-dimensional skyrmions in spin-2 Bose-Einstein condensates
• Dimensional crossover of effective orbital dynamics in polar distorted 3He-A: Transitions to anti-spacetime
• Superfluid 3He in Aerogel
• Anisotropic 2D Larkin-Imry-Ma state in polar distorted ABM phase of 3He in "nematically ordered" aerogel
• Topological order generated by random field in a 2D exchange model
• Complete many-body localization in the t-J model caused by random magnetic field
• Evolution of Neutron-Initiated Micro-Big-Bang in superfluid He 3B
• Superlattice platform for chiral superconductivity with tuneable and high Chern numbers
• Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless and Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann criticality in $\mathrm{XY}$ model
• Skyrmion Glass in a Disordered Magnetic Film
• Topological Insulators at Strong Disorder

Cited by in corpus (11)

• Half-quantum vortices and walls bounded by strings in the polar-distorted phases of topological superfluid ${}^3$He
• String monopoles, string walls, vortex-skyrmions and nexus objects in polar distorted B-phase of ${}^3$He
• Suppressing the Kibble-Zurek mechanism by a symmetry-violating bias
• ${}^3$He Universe 2020
• Topological nodal line in superfluid ${}^3$He and the Anderson theorem
• One dimensional nexus objects, network of Kibble-Lazarides-Shafi string walls, and their spin dynamic response in polar distorted B-phase of ${}^3$He
• Vortices in polar and $\beta$ phases of ${}^3$He
• Vortex-bound solitons in topological superfluid ${}^3$He
• Disorder-Induced Topological Transitions in a Multilayer Topological Insulator
• 50 years in the Landau Institute environment
• Fibration, Nexus and Cosmological Composite Topological Defects in Uniaxially Disordered Superfluid ${}^3$He