OSSOS. VII. 800+ trans-Neptunian objects - the complete data release

Abstract

The Outer Solar System Origins Survey (OSSOS), a wide-field imaging program in 2013-2017 with the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope, surveyed 155 deg${}^2$ of sky to depths of $m_r=24.1$-25.2. We present 838 outer Solar System discoveries that are entirely free of ephemeris bias. This increases the inventory of trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) with accurately known orbits by nearly 50%. Each minor planet has 20-60 Gaia/Pan-STARRS-calibrated astrometric measurements made over 2-5 oppositions, which allows accurate classification of their orbits within the trans-Neptunian dynamical populations. The populations orbiting in mean-motion resonance with Neptune are key to understanding Neptune's early migration. Our 313 resonant TNOs, including 132 plutinos, triple the available characterized sample and include new occupancy of distant resonances out to semi-major axis $a\sim 130$ au. OSSOS doubles the known population of the non-resonant Kuiper belt, providing 436 TNOs in this region, all with exceptionally high-quality orbits of $a$ uncertainty ${\sigma }_a\le 0.1\%$; they show the belt exists from $a\gtrsim 37$ au, with a lower perihelion bound of $35$ au. We confirm the presence of a concentrated low-inclination $a\simeq 44$ au "kernel" population and a dynamically cold population extending beyond the 2:1 resonance. We finely quantify the survey's observational biases. Our survey simulator provides a straightforward way to impose these biases on models of the trans-Neptunian orbit distributions, allowing statistical comparison to the discoveries. The OSSOS TNOs, unprecedented in their orbital precision for the size of the sample, are ideal for testing concepts of the history of giant planet migration in the Solar System.

Invited paper, special issue Data: Insights and Challenges in a Time of Abundance. Data tables and example survey simulator are in the supplementary materials (see arXiv source under Downloads > Other formats)

References in corpus (12)

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• Trans-Neptunian objects found in the first four years of the Dark Energy Survey
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• Col-OSSOS: Color and Inclination are Correlated Throughout the Kuiper Belt
• Trans-Neptunian Objects Transiently Stuck in Neptune's Mean Motion Resonances: Numerical simulations of the current population
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• Neptune's 5:2 Resonance in the Kuiper Belt
• Dynamical Classification of Trans-Neptunian Objects Detected by the Dark Energy Survey
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• The hot main Kuiper belt size distribution from OSSOS
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• OSSOS IXX: Testing Early Solar System Dynamical Models using OSSOS Centaur Detections
• A Rogue Planet Helps Populate the Distant Kuiper Belt
• The Secular Dynamics of TNOs and Planet Nine Interactions
• OSSOS XVIII: Constraining migration models with the 2:1 resonance using the Outer Solar System Origins Survey
• Free Inclinations for Transneptunian Objects in the Main Kuiper Belt
• Collision Probabilities in the Edgeworth-Kuiper belt
• Orbits and resonances of the regular moons of Neptune
• Trajectory of the stellar flyby that shaped the outer solar system
• Eccentric Early Migration of Neptune
• Transit cosmological models in Myrzakulov F(R,T) gravity theory
• Is There an Earth-like Planet in the Distant Kuiper Belt?
• Perspectives on the distribution of orbits of distant Trans-Neptunian Objects
• OSSOS: XV. No active Centaurs in the Outer Solar System Origins Survey
• The Color and Binarity of (486958) 2014 MU69 and Other Long-Range New Horizons Kuiper Belt Targets
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• Machine Learning Classification of Kuiper Belt Populations
• Dynamical Implantation of Blue Binaries in the Cold Classical Kuiper Belt
• Dynamics of Small Bodies in Orbits Between Jupiter and Saturn
• OSSOS: The Eccentricity and Inclination Distributions of the Stable Neptunian Trojans
• The Contribution of Dwarf Planets to the Origin of Jupiter Family Comets
• OSSOS XII: Variability studies of 65 Trans-Neptunian Objects using the Hyper Suprime-Cam
• Limits on the number of primordial Scattered Disk objects at Pluto mass and higher from the absence of their dynamical signatures on the present day trans-Neptunian Populations
• Stability of Neptune's distant resonances in the presence of Planet Nine
• The rarity of very red TNOs in the scattered disk
• Dynamical effects on the classical Kuiper Belt during the excited-Neptune model
• From Centaurs to comets - 40 years
• OSSOS. XXIX. The Population and Perihelion Distribution of the Detached Kuiper Belt
• Giant Planet Influence on the Collective Gravity of a Primordial Scattered Disk
• A Dearth of Small Members in the Haumea Family Revealed by the OSSOS Survey
• Cratering and age of the small Saturnian satellites
• Can the gravitational effect of Planet X be detected in current-era tracking of the known major and minor planets?
• Can the orbital distribution of Neptune's 3:2 mean motion resonance result from stability sculpting?
• Discovery and dynamics of a Sedna-like object with a perihelion of 66 au
• A Measurement of the Kuiper Belt's Mean Plane From Objects Classified By Machine Learning
• Peculiar orbits and asymmetries in extreme trans-Neptunian space
• From Planetesimals to Dwarf Planets by Pebble Accretion
• OSSOS. XXIII. 2013 VZ70 and the Temporary Coorbitals of the Giant Planet
• Understanding the trans-Neptunian Solar system: Reconciling the results of serendipitous stellar occultations and the inferences from the cratering record
• Signatures of a Distant Planet on the Inclination Distribution of the Detached Kuiper Belt
• CHIMERA Occultation Constraints on the Abundance of Kilometer-scale Kuiper Belt Objects
• A study of the high-inclination population in the Kuiper belt -- IV. High-order mean motion resonances in the classical region
• Dynamics of trans-Neptunian objects near the 3/1 mean-motion resonance with Neptune
• Crater production on Titan and surface chronology
• Four Billion Year Stability of the Earth-Mars Belt
• OSSOS: XXVII. Population Estimates for Theoretically Stable Centaurs Between Uranus and Neptune
• TNOs are Cool! A Survey of the transneptunian Region XV. Physical characteristics of 23 resonant transneptunian and scattered disk objects
• Enhancing Ground-Based Observations of Trans-Neptunian Objects using a Single-Epoch Parallax Measurement from L2
• Trans-Neptunian Space and the Post-Pluto Paradigm
• Early Stellar Flybys are Unlikely: Improved Constraints from Sednoids and Large-$q$ TNOs
• Discovery of a dwarf planet candidate in an extremely wide orbit: 2017 OF201
• Advanced Techniques in Stability Analysis of Trans-Neptunian Objects
• Analytical Solutions for Planet-Scattering Small Bodies
• A new multiple-arc model of the resonant Kuiper belt objects -- Plutinos
• OSSOS finds an Exponential Cutoff in the Size Distribution of the Cold Classical Kuiper belt