Vortex lattice in the crossover of a Bose gas from weak coupling to unitarity
arXiv:1805.10261 · doi:10.1038/s41598-018-27146-1
Abstract
The formation of a regular lattice of quantized vortices in a fluid under rotation is a smoking-gun signature of its superfluid nature. Here we study the vortex lattice in a dilute superfluid gas of bosonic atoms at zero temperature along the crossover from the weak-coupling regime, where the inter-atomic scattering length is very small compared to the average distance between atoms, to the unitarity regime, where the inter-atomic scattering length diverges. This study is based on high-performance numerical simulations of the time-dependent nonlinear Schrodinger equation for the superfluid order parameter in three spatial dimensions, using a realistic analytic expression for the bulk equation of state of the system along the crossover from weak-coupling to unitarity. This equation of state has the correct weak-coupling and unitarity limits and faithfully reproduces the results of an accurate multi-orbital microscopic calculation. Our numerical predictions of the number of vortices and root-mean-square sizes are important benchmarks for future experiments.
23 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Scientific Reports
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- Weak-coupling to unitarity crossover in Bose-Fermi mixtures: Mixing-demixing and spontaneous symmetry breaking in trapped systems
- Stable controllable giant vortex in a trapped Bose-Einstein condensate
- Phase-separated vortex-lattice in a rotating binary Bose-Einstein condensate
- Limitation of the Lee-Huang-Yang interaction in forming a self-bound state in Bose-Einstein condensates
- Phase-separated symmetry-breaking vortex-lattice in a binary Bose-Einstein condensate