Phonon-assisted damping of plasmons in three- and two-dimensional metals

Abstract

We investigate the effects of crystal lattice vibrations on the dispersion of plasmons. The loss function of the homogeneous electron gas (HEG) in two and three dimensions is evaluated numerically in presence of electronic coupling to an optical phonon mode. Our calculations are based on many-body perturbation theory for the dielectric function as formulated by the Hedin-Baym equations in the Fan-Migdal approximation. The coupling to phonons broadens the spectral signatures of plasmons in the electron-energy loss spectrum (EELS) and it induces the decay of plasmons on timescales shorter than 1 ps. Our results further reveal the formation of a kink in the plasmon dispersion of the 2D HEG, which marks the onset of plasmon-phonon scattering. Overall, these features constitute a fingerprint of plasmon-phonon coupling in the EELS of simple metals. It is shown that these effects may be accounted for by resorting to a simplified treatment of the electron-phonon interaction which is amenable to first-principles calculations.

arXiv comment8 pages, 4 figures

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• Hyperbolic plasmon modes in tilted Dirac cone phases of borophene
• Superconductivity in 2D systems enhanced by nonadiabatic phonon-production effects
• Low-loss two-dimensional plasmon modes in antimonene
• Importance of coupling strength in shaping electron energy loss and phonon spectra of phonon-plasmon systems