Precision spectroscopy of helium in a magic wavelength optical dipole trap

Abstract

Improvements in both theory and frequency metrology of few-electron systems such as hydrogen and helium have enabled increasingly sensitive tests of quantum electrodynamics (QED), as well as ever more accurate determinations of fundamental constants and the size of the nucleus. At the same time advances in cooling and trapping of neutral atoms have revolutionized the development of increasingly accurate atomic clocks. Here, we combine these fields to reach the highest precision on an optical tranistion in the helium atom to date by employing a Bose-Einstein condensate confined in a magic wavelength optical dipole trap. The measured transition accurately connects the ortho- and parastates of helium and constitutes a stringent test of QED theory. In addition we test polarizability calculations and ultracold scattering properties of the helium atom. Finally, our measurement probes the size of the nucleus at a level exceeding the projected accuracy of muonic helium measurements currently being performed in the context of the proton radius puzzle.

References in corpus (30)

• New Measurement of the Electron Magnetic Moment and the Fine Structure Constant
• CODATA Recommended Values of the Fundamental Physical Constants: 2014
• Bose-Einstein Condensation of Atomic Hydrogen
• Improved Measurement of the Hydrogen 1S - 2S Transition Frequency
• A Fermi-degenerate three-dimensional optical lattice clock
• High-precision measurement of the atomic mass of the electron
• New measurement of the $1S-3S$ transition frequency of hydrogen: contribution to the proton charge radius puzzle
• Nuclear charge radius of ${}^8$He
• Laser Spectroscopic Determination of the 6He Nuclear Charge Radius
• Imaging optical frequencies with 100 $\mu$Hz precision and 1.1 $\mu$m resolution
• Cold Collision Frequency Shift of the 1S-2S Transition in Hydrogen
• Extreme ultraviolet frequency comb metrology
• Cold and trapped metastable noble gases
• Frequency metrology in quantum degenerate helium: Direct measurement of the 2 3S1 - 2 1S0 transition
• Frequency metrology of helium around 1083 nm and determination of the nuclear charge radius
• Testing fundamental interactions on the helium atom
• Accurate determination of the scattering length of metastable Helium atoms using dark resonances between atoms and exotic molecules
• A Determination of the Fine Structure Constant using Precision Measurements of Helium Fine Structure
• Precision Measurement for Metastable Helium Atoms of the 413 nm Tune-Out Wavelength at Which the Atomic Polarizability Vanishes
• Spectroscopy of atomic hydrogen. How is the Rydberg constant determined?
• Zemach moments of 3He and 4He
• Theory of the Lamb shift and Fine Structure in muonic ${}^4\mathrm{He}$ ions and the muonic ${}^3\mathrm{He}{-}^4\mathrm{He}$ Isotope Shift
• High-precision spectroscopy of the forbidden 2 3S1 - 2 1P1 transition in quantum degenerate metastable helium
• Magic wavelengths for the $2{}^{3}S\to 2{}^{1}S$ transition in helium
• 1S-2S Spectrum of a Hydrogen Bose-Einstein Condensate
• Comparison of spectral linewidths for quantum degenerate bosons and fermions
• Precise Frequency Measurement of the 2${}^1$S${}_0$-3${}^1$D${}_2$ Two-Photon Transition in atomic ${}^4$He
• Relativistic full-configuration-interaction calculations of magic wavelengths for the $2{}^3{S}_1\to 2{}^1{S}_0$ transition of helium isotopes
• A simple 2 W continuous-wave laser system for trapping ultracold metastable helium atoms at the 319.8 nm magic wavelength
• Magnetic-field dependent trap loss of ultracold metastable helium

Cited by in corpus (25)

• Precision calculation of hyperfine structure and the Zemach radii of ${}^{6,7}$Li${}^{+}$ ions
• Relativistic corrections to the Bethe logarithm for the $2^{3}S$ and $2^{3}P$ states of He
• Measurement of a helium tune-out frequency: an independent test of quantum electrodynamics
• Atomic structure calculations of helium with correlated exponential functions
• Nonradiative ${\alpha }^{7}m$ QED effects in Lamb shift of helium triplet states
• Imaging-assisted single-photon Doppler-free laser spectroscopy and the ionization energy of metastable triplet helium
• Spectroscopic tests for short-range modifications of Newtonian and post-Newtonian potentials
• QED and relativistic nuclear recoil corrections to the 413 nm tune-out wavelength for the $2{}^3{S}_1$ state of helium
• QED calculation of ionization energies of $1snd$ states in helium
• Revised ${}^3$He nuclear charge radius due to electronic hyperfine mixing
• Bound-state relativistic quantum electrodynamics: a perspective for precision physics with atoms and molecules
• Ultra-precise determination of thicknesses and refractive indices of optically thick dispersive materials by dual-comb spectroscopy
• Quantum electrodynamic corrections to the $1s3d$ states of the helium atom
• Pauli blocking of stimulated emission in a degenerate Fermi gas
• Revisiting the helium isotope-shift puzzle with improved uncertainties from nuclear structure corrections
• Direct Measurement of the Forbidden $2^3{S}_1\to 3^3{S}_1$ Atomic Transition in Helium
• A magneto-optical trap with millimeter ball lenses
• Production of a highly degenerate Fermi gas of metastable helium-3 atoms
• Proposal for suppressing ac Stark shift in the He($2{}^3{S}_1\to 3{}^3{S}_1$) two-photon transition using magic wavelengths
• Precision Polarization Tuning for Light Shift Mitigation in Trapped-Ion Qubits
• Preparation of individual magnetic sub-levels of ${}^4$He($2^3$S${}_1$) in a supersonic beam using laser optical pumping and magnetic hexapole focusing
• A VUV light source for enhanced production of metastable krypton and xenon beams
• Quantum science with arrays of metastable helium-3 atoms
• Nonrelativistic quantum electrodynamic approach to polarizabilities of light atoms
• Frequency measurements of transitions from the $2^3{P}_2$ state to the $5^1{D}_2$, $5^3{S}_1$, and $5^{3}D$ states in ultracold helium