Evolution of the Black Hole Mass Function in Star Clusters from Multiple Mergers

Abstract

We investigate the effects of black hole mergers in star clusters on the black hole mass function. As black holes are not produced in pair-instability supernovae, it is suggested that there is a dearth of high mass stellar black holes. This dearth generates a gap in the upper end of the black hole mass function. Meanwhile, parameter fitting of X-ray binaries suggests the existence of a gap in the mass function under 5 solar masses. We show, through evolving a coagulation equation, that black hole mergers can appreciably fill the upper mass gap, and that the lower mass gap generates potentially observable features at larger mass scales. We also explore the importance of ejections in such systems and whether dynamical clusters can be formation sites of intermediate mass black hole seeds.

Matches accepted version

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• Measurement Accuracy of Inspiraling Eccentric Neutron Star and Black Hole Binaries Using Gravitational Waves
• How Post-Newtonian Dynamics Shape the Distribution of Stationary Binary Black Hole LISA Sources in nearby Globular Clusters
• Outliers in the LIGO Black Hole Mass Function from Coagulation in Dense Clusters
• A fixed point for black hole distributions
• Forecasting Gamma-Ray Bursts using Gravitational Waves
• Dark Energy from Topology
• Is the Cosmological Constant of Topological Origin?