Long-lived trimers in a quasi-two-dimensional Fermi system

Abstract

We consider the problem of three distinguishable fermions confined to a quasi-two-dimensional (quasi-2D) geometry, where there is a strong harmonic potential in one direction. We go beyond previous theoretical work and investigate the three-body bound states (trimers) for the case where the two-body short-range interactions between fermions are unequal. Using the scattering parameters from experiments on ultracold ${}^6$Li atoms, we calculate the trimer spectrum throughout the crossover from two to three dimensions. We find that the deepest Efimov trimer in the ${}^6$Li system is unaffected by realistic quasi-2D confinements, while the first excited trimer smoothly evolves from a 3D-like Efimov trimer to an extended 2D-like trimer as the attractive interactions are decreased. We furthermore compute the excited trimer wave function and quantify the stability of the trimer with respect to three-body recombination by determining the probability that three fermions approach each other at short distances. Our results indicate that the lifetime of the trimer can be enhanced by at least an order of magnitude in the quasi-2D geometry, thus opening the door to realizing long-lived trimers in three-component Fermi gases.

arXiv comment11 pages, 3 figures

References in corpus (45)

• Many-Body Physics with Ultracold Gases
• Feshbach Resonances in Ultracold Gases
• Universality in Few-body Systems with Large Scattering Length
• Evidence for Efimov quantum states in an ultracold gas of cesium atoms
• Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless Crossover in a Trapped Atomic Gas
• Efimov Physics: a review
• Interatomic collisions in a tightly confined Bose gas
• Collisional stability of a three-component degenerate Fermi gas
• Precise determination of ${}^6$Li cold collision parameters by radio-frequency spectroscopy on weakly bound molecules
• Effective Theory of the Triton
• Three-body recombination in a three-state Fermi gas with widely tunable interactions
• Observation of scale invariance and universality in two-dimensional Bose gases
• Observation of a 2D Bose-gas: from thermal to quasi-condensate to superfluid
• Observation of the Efimov state of the helium trimer
• Color Superfluidity and "Baryon" Formation in Ultracold Fermions
• Observation of Efimov Resonances in a Mixture with Extreme Mass Imbalance
• Evolution of Fermion Pairing from Three to Two Dimensions
• Evidence for Ground- and Excited-State Efimov Trimers in a Three-State Fermi Gas
• Number of closed-channel molecules in the BEC-BCS crossover
• Geometric scaling of Efimov states in a ${}^6\text{Li}$-${}^{133}\text{Cs}$ mixture
• Radio Frequency Association of Efimov Trimers
• Observation of the Second Triatomic Resonance in Efimov's Scenario
• Crossover from 2D to 3D in a weakly interacting Fermi gas
• Low-energy three-body dynamics in binary quantum gases
• Measurement of an Efimov trimer binding energy in a three-component mixture of 6Li
• Equation of State of Ultracold Fermions in the 2D BEC-BCS Crossover Region
• Non-universal Efimov Atom-Dimer Resonances in a Three-Component Mixture of 6Li
• Atom-Dimer Scattering in a Three-Component Fermi Gas
• Strongly interacting two-dimensional Fermi gases
• Atom-dimer scattering and long-lived trimers in fermionic mixtures
• Observation of Efimov molecules created from a resonantly interacting Bose gas
• Efimov effect in quantum magnets
• Phase separation and pair condensation in a spin-imbalanced 2D Fermi gas
• New type of crossover physics in three-component Fermi gases
• The Efimov effect in lithium 6
• Crossover trimers connecting continuous and discrete scaling regimes
• SU(N) Fermions in a One-Dimensional Harmonic Trap
• Efimov trimers under strong confinement
• The three-body parameter for Efimov states in lithium-6
• Weakly bound states of two- and three-boson systems in the crossover from two to three dimension
• Three-body problem in a two-dimensional Fermi gas
• Resonant three-body physics in two spatial dimensions
• Squeezing the Efimov effect
• Three-body correlations in a two-dimensional SU(3) Fermi gas
• Coupled pair approach for strongly-interacting trapped fermionic atoms

Cited by in corpus (5)

• Trion resonance in polariton-electron scattering
• Frustrated orbital Feshbach resonances in a Fermi gas
• Universal clusters in quasi-two-dimensional ultracold Fermi mixtures
• From three-body resonances to bound states in a continuum: pole trajectories
• Stabilization of three-body resonances to bound states in a continuum