Confining graphene plasmons to the ultimate limit

Abstract

Graphene plasmons have recently attracted a great deal of attention because of their tunability, long lifetime, and high degree of field confinement in the vertical direction. Nearby metal gates have been shown to modify the graphene plasmon dispersion and further confine their electric field. We study the plasmons of a graphene sheet deposited on a metal, in the regime in which metal bands do not hybridize with massless Dirac fermion bands. We derive exact results for the dispersion and lifetime of the plasmons of such hybrid system, taking into account metal nonlocalities. The graphene plasmon dispersion is found to be acoustic and pushed down in energy towards the upper boundary of the intraband graphene particle-hole continuum, thereby strongly enhancing the vertical confinement of these excitations. Landau damping of such acoustic plasmons due to particle-hole excitations in the metal gate is found to be surprisingly weak, with quality factors exceeding $Q=10^2$.

4+ pages, 3 figures, 4-page appendix

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• Acoustic plasmons at the crossover between the collisionless and hydrodynamic regimes in two-dimensional electron liquids
• Metal surface induces strong acoustic plasmons in chemically doped graphene
• Theory of intrinsic acoustic plasmons in twisted bilayer graphene
• Excitation of localized graphene plasmons by a metallic slit
• First-principles study of ultrafast dynamics of Dirac plasmon in graphene
• On the electrical conductivity of metals with a rough surface
• Semiclassical theory for plasmons in spatially inhomogeneous media
• Toward Monoatomic-Layer Field Confinement Limit via Acoustic Graphene Plasmons
• Ultrafast electronic heat dissipation through surface-to-bulk Coulomb coupling in quantum materials
• Two-level Systems Coupled to Graphene plasmons: A Lindblad equation approach