Echo-Ramsey Interferometry with Motional Quantum States

Abstract

Ramsey interferometers (RIs) using internal electronic or nuclear states find wide applications in science and engineering. We develop a matter wave Ramsey interferometer for motional quantum states exploiting the S- and D-bands of an optical lattice and identify the different de-phasing and de-coherence mechanisms. We implement a band echo technique, employing repeated $\pi$-pulses. This suppresses the de-phasing evolution and significantly increase the coherence time of the motional state interferometer by one order of magnitude. We identify thermal fluctuations as the main mechanism for the remaining decay contrast. Our demonstration of an echo-Ramsey interferometer with motional quantum states in an optical lattice has potential application in the study of quantum many body lattice dynamics, and motional qubits manipulation.

9 pages, 6 figures

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• Many-Body Physics with Ultracold Gases
• Atom Interferometers
• Flat bands and Wigner crystallization in the honeycomb optical lattice
• Ultracold atoms out of equilibrium
• State preparation and dynamics of ultracold atoms in higher lattice orbitals
• Improved detection of small atom numbers through image processing
• Coherent multi-flavour spin dynamics in a fermionic quantum gas
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• High-fidelity rapid ground-state loading of an ultracold gas into an optical lattice
• Quantum metrology at the Heisenberg limit with ion traps

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