Correlation Between the Total Gravitating Mass of Groups and Clusters and the Supermassive Black Hole Mass of Brightest Galaxies

Abstract

Supermassive black holes (BHs) residing in the brightest cluster galaxies are over-massive relative to the stellar bulge mass or central stellar velocity dispersion of their host galaxies. As BHs residing at the bottom of the galaxy cluster's potential well may undergo physical processes that are driven by the large-scale characteristics of the galaxy clusters, it is possible that the growth of these BHs is (indirectly) governed by the properties of their host clusters. In this work, we explore the connection between the mass of BHs residing in the brightest group/cluster galaxies (BGGs/BCGs) and the virial temperature, and hence total gravitating mass, of galaxy groups/clusters. To this end, we investigate a sample of 17 BGGs/BCGs with dynamical BH mass measurements and utilize XMM-Newton X-ray observations to measure the virial temperatures and infer the $M_{500}$ mass of the galaxy groups/clusters. We find that the $M_{\mathrm{BH}}-kT$ relation is significantly tighter and exhibits smaller scatter than the $M_{\mathrm{BH}}-M_{\mathrm{bulge}}$ relations. The best-fitting power-law relations are ${\log }_{10}(M_{\mathrm{BH}}/10^9{\mathrm{M}}_{\odot })=0.20+1.74{\log }_{10}(kT/1\mathrm{keV})$ and ${\log }_{10}(M_{\mathrm{BH}}/10^9{\mathrm{M}}_{\odot })=-0.80+1.72{\log }_{10}({\mathrm{M}}_{\mathrm{bulge}}/10^{11}{\mathrm{M}}_{\odot })$. Thus, the BH mass of BGGs/BCGs may be set by physical processes that are governed by the properties of the host galaxy group/cluster. These results are confronted with the Horizon-AGN simulation, which reproduces the observed relations well, albeit the simulated relations exhibit notably smaller scatter.

11 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ, minor corrections

References in corpus (11)

• A Catalog of Galaxy Clusters Observed by XMM-Newton
• On the onset of galactic winds in quiescent star forming galaxies
• Scaling Properties of a Complete X-ray Selected Galaxy Group Sample
• Building Merger Trees from Cosmological N-body Simulations
• Galaxy Groups: A 2MASS Catalog
• Dark Matter Halos in Galaxies and Globular Cluster Populations
• The supermassive black hole of Fornax A
• The High-Mass End of the Black Hole Mass Function: Mass Estimates in Brightest Cluster Galaxies
• X-ray Substructure Studies of Four Galaxy Clusters using XMM-Newton Data
• Overmassive black holes in the $M_{\mathrm{BH}}-\sigma$ diagram do not belong to over (dry) merged galaxies
• Supermassive black holes, star formation and downsizing of elliptical galaxies

Cited by in corpus (31)

• The origins of massive black holes
• Feedback from Active Galactic Nuclei in Galaxy Groups
• Simulating Groups and the IntraGroup Medium: The Surprisingly Complex and Rich Middle Ground Between Clusters and Galaxies
• Scaling Properties of Galaxy Groups
• \textsc{The Three Hundred} project: The \textsc{Gizmo-Simba} run
• Black Hole Mass Measurements of Radio Galaxies NGC 315 and NGC 4261 Using ALMA CO Observations
• Appreciating mergers for understanding the non-linear $M_{\mathrm{bh}}$-$M_{\ast ,\mathrm{spheroid}}$ and $M_{\mathrm{bh}}$-$M_{\ast ,\mathrm{galaxy}}$ relations, updated herein, and the implications for the (reduced) role of AGN feedback
• Correlations between supermassive black holes and hot gas atmospheres in IllustrisTNG and X-ray observations
• Defining the (Black Hole)-Spheroid Connection with the Discovery of Morphology-Dependent Substructure in the $M_{\mathrm{BH}}$--${\mathrm{n}}_{\mathrm{sph}}$ and $M_{\mathrm{BH}}$--${\mathrm{R}}_{\mathrm{e},\mathrm{sph}}$ Diagrams: New Tests for Advanced Theories and Realistic Simulations
• Correlations between supermassive black holes, hot atmospheres, and the total masses of early type galaxies
• Cosmic rays and thermal instability in self-regulating cooling flows of massive galaxy clusters
• Reading the tea leaves in the $M_{\mathrm{bh}}$-$M_{\ast ,\mathrm{sph}}$ and $M_{\mathrm{bh}}$-$R_{\mathrm{e},\mathrm{sph}}$ diagrams: dry and gaseous mergers with remnant angular momentum
• Expanding the Sample: The Relationship Between the Black Hole Mass of BCGs and the Total Mass of Galaxy Clusters
• On the LISA science performance in observations of short-lived signals from massive black hole binary coalescences
• Constraining the dark matter halo mass of isolated low-surface-brightness galaxies
• Invoking the virial theorem to understand the impact of (dry) mergers on the $M_{\mathrm{bh}}$-$\sigma$ relation
• The (Black Hole Mass)-(Spheroid Stellar Density) Relations: $M_{\mathrm{BH}}$--$\mu$ (and $M_{\mathrm{BH}}$--$\Sigma$) and $M_{\mathrm{BH}}$--$\rho$
• Hidden Cooling Flows in Clusters of Galaxies III: Accretion onto the Central Black Hole
• Quashing a suspected selection bias in galaxy samples having dynamically-measured supermassive black holes
• Triaxial Schwarzschild Models of NGC 708: a 10-billion solar mass black hole in a low dispersion galaxy with a Kroupa IMF
• Quantifying the effect of black hole feedback from the central galaxy on the satellite populations of groups and clusters
• The relation between globular cluster systems and supermassive black holes in spiral galaxies III. The link to the $M_{\bullet }-M_{\ast }$ correlation
• Off-centre supermassive black holes in bright central galaxies
• Unveiling a 36 Billion Solar Mass Black Hole at the Centre of the Cosmic Horseshoe Gravitational Lens
• Elliptical (E) and ellicular (ES) galaxies in the M_bh-M_*,sph diagram, and a merger-driven explanation for the origin of ES galaxies, anti-truncated stellar discs in lenticular galaxies, and the Sersicification of E galaxy light profiles
• An Observationally Driven Multifield Approach for Probing the Circum-Galactic Medium with Convolutional Neural Networks
• Cosmic quenching and scaling laws for the evolution of supermassive black holes and host galaxies
• 1321+045: a Compact Steep Spectrum radio source in a cool-core galaxy cluster
• Black Hole-Galaxy Correlations in Cluster Zoomed-in Simulations: GIZMO-SIMBA and TNG-Cluster
• Detection of a Superluminous Spiral Galaxy in the Heart of a Massive Galaxy Cluster
• X-ray Emission from the Interstellar and Circumgalactic Medium of Elliptical Galaxies based on MACER simulations