Universality and quantum criticality of the one-dimensional spinor Bose gas

Abstract

We investigate the universal thermodynamics of the two-component one-dimensional Bose gas with contact interactions in the vicinity of the quantum critical point separating the vacuum and the ferromagnetic liquid regime. We find that the quantum critical region belongs to the universality class of the spin-degenerate impenetrable particle gas which, surprisingly, is very different from the single-component case and identify its boundaries with the peaks of the specific heat. In addition, we show that the compressibility Wilson ratio, which quantifies the relative strength of thermal and quantum fluctuations, serves as a good discriminator of the quantum regimes near the quantum critical point. Remarkably, in the Tonks-Girardeau regime the universal contact develops a pronounced minimum, reflected in a counterintuitive narrowing of the momentum distribution as we increase the temperature. This momentum reconstruction, also present at low and intermediate momenta, signals the transition from the ferromagnetic to the spin-incoherent Luttinger liquid phase and can be detected in current experiments with ultracold atomic gases in optical lattices.

5+2 pages, RevTeX 4.1

References in corpus (13)

• Many-Body Physics with Ultracold Gases
• Quantum criticality
• A one-dimensional liquid of fermions with tunable spin
• Generalized Virial Theorem and Pressure Relation for a strongly correlated Fermi gas
• Spin dynamics in a one-dimensional ferromagnetic Bose gas
• Spin waves in a one-dimensional spinor Bose gas
• Green's function for magnetically incoherent interacting electrons in one dimension
• Universal temperature dependence of the magnetization of gapped spin chains
• Ferromagnetic behaviour in the strongly interacting two-component Bose gas
• Spectral functions of strongly interacting isospin-1/2 bosons in one dimension
• Universal Tan relations for quantum gases in one dimension
• Spin-charge separation in a strongly correlated spin-polarized chain
• Critical behaviours of contact near phase transitions

Cited by in corpus (6)

• Tan's Contact for Trapped Lieb-Liniger Bosons at Finite Temperature
• Strongly interacting trapped one-dimensional quantum gases: an exact solution
• Quantum critical behavior and thermodynamics of the repulsive one-dimensional Hubbard model in a magnetic field
• Momentum reconstruction and contact of the one-dimensional Bose-Fermi mixture
• Exact spectral function and nonequilibrium dynamics of the strongly interacting Hubbard model
• Numerical methods and analytic results for one-dimensional strongly interacting spinor gases