Solar System Science with ESA Euclid

Abstract

The ESA Euclid mission has been designed to map the geometry of the dark Universe. Scheduled for launch in 2020, it will conduct a six-years visible and NIR imaging and spectroscopic survey over 15,000 deg 2 down to mag~24.5. Although the survey will avoid low ecliptic latitudes, the survey pattern in repeated sequences of four broad-band filters seems well-adapted to Solar System objects (SSOs) detection and characterization. We aim at evaluating Euclid capability to discover SSOs, and measure their position, apparent magnitude, and SED. Also, we investigate how these measurements can lead to the determination of their orbits, morphology, physical properties, and surface composition. We use current census of SSOs to estimate the number of SSOs detectable by Euclid. Then we estimate how Euclid will constrain the SSOs dynamical, physical, and compositional properties. With current survey design, about 150,000 SSOs, mainly from the asteroid main-belt, should be observed by Euclid. These objects will all have high inclination. There is a potential for discovery of several 10,000 SSOs, in particular KBOs at high declination. Euclid observations will refine the spectral classification of SSOs by extending the spectral coverage provided by, e.g. Gaia and the LSST to 2 microns. The time-resolved photometry, combined with sparse photometry will contribute to the determination of SSO rotation period, spin orientation, and shape model. The sharp and stable point-spread function of Euclid will also allow to resolve KBO binary systems and detect activity around Centaurs. The depth of Euclid survey, its spectral coverage, and observation cadence has great potential for Solar System research. A dedicated processing for SSOs is being set in place to produce catalogs of astrometry, multi-color and time-resolved photometry, and spectral classification of some 10${}^5$ SSOs, delivered as Legacy Science.

arXiv comment15 pages, 13 figures, 4 tables, accepted for publication in A&A

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Cited by in corpus (26)

• Euclid. I. Overview of the Euclid mission
• Tuning the Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) Observing Strategy for Solar System Science
• Taxonomic classification of asteroids based on MOVIS near-infrared colors
• Olivine-dominated A-type asteroids in the Main Belt: Distribution, Abundance and Relation to Families
• Asteroid phase curves from ATLAS dual-band photometry
• A million asteroid observations in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• Gaia Data Release 3: Reflectance spectra of Solar System small bodies
• Detecting solar system objects with convolutional neural networks
• Combined spin orientation and phase function of asteroids
• Novel constraints on fifth forces and ultralight dark sector with asteroidal data
• Towards Efficient Detection of Small Near-Earth Asteroids Using the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF)
• Short arc orbit determination and imminent impactors in the Gaia era
• Mining the Kilo-Degree Survey for solar system objects
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• The multi-wavelength phase curves of small bodies: Phase coloring
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• GPU-based framework for detecting small Solar System bodies in targeted exoplanet surveys
• Hypercompact stellar clusters: morphological renditions and spectro-photometric models
• Simultaneous LSST and Euclid observations - advantages for Solar System Objects
• Enhancing Ground-Based Observations of Trans-Neptunian Objects using a Single-Epoch Parallax Measurement from L2
• A catalog of near-IR absolute magnitudes of Solar System small bodies