Double-winding Wilson loop in $SU(N)$ Yang-Mills theory: A criterion for testing the confinement models

Abstract

We examine how the average of double-winding Wilson loops depends on the number of color $N$ in the $SU(N)$ Yang-Mills theory. In the case where the two loops $C_1$ and $C_2$ are identical, we derive the exact operator relation which relates the double-winding Wilson loop operator in the fundamental representation to that in the higher dimensional representations depending on $N$. By taking the average of the relation, we find that the difference-of-areas law for the area law falloff recently claimed for $N=2$ is excluded for $N\ge 3$, provided that the string tension obeys the Casimir scaling for the higher representations. In the case where the two loops are distinct, we argue that the area law follows a novel law $(N-3)A_1/(N-1)+A_2$ with $A_1$ and $A_2(A_1<A_2)$ being the minimal areas spanned respectively by the loops $C_1$ and $C_2$, which is neither sum-of-areas ($A_1+A_2$) nor difference-of-areas ($A_2-A_1$) law when ($N\ge 3$). Indeed, this behavior can be confirmed in the two-dimensional $SU(N)$ Yang-Mills theory exactly.

arXiv comment6 pages, 2 figures, presented at the 35th International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory (Lattice 2017), 18-24 June 2017, Granada, Spain

References in corpus (1)

• Double-winding Wilson loops and monopole confinement mechanisms