Enhancement of the quadrupole interaction of an atom with guided light of an ultrathin optical fiber

Abstract

We investigate the electric quadrupole interaction of an alkali-metal atom with guided light in the fundamental and higher-order modes of a vacuum-clad ultrathin optical fiber. We calculate the quadrupole Rabi frequency, the quadrupole oscillator strength, and their enhancement factors. In the example of a rubidium-87 atom, we study the dependencies of the quadrupole Rabi frequency on the quantum numbers of the transition, the mode type, the phase circulation direction, the propagation direction, the orientation of the quantization axis, the position of the atom, and the fiber radius. We find that the root-mean-square (rms) quadrupole Rabi frequency reduces quickly but the quadrupole oscillator strength varies slowly with increasing radial distance. We show that the enhancement factors of the rms Rabi frequency and the oscillator strength do not depend on any characteristics of the internal atomic states except for the atomic transition frequency. The enhancement factor of the oscillator strength can be significant even when the atom is far away from the fiber. We show that, in the case where the atom is positioned on the fiber surface, the oscillator strength for the quasicircularly polarized fundamental mode HE${}_{11}$ has a local minimum at the fiber radius $a\simeq 107$ nm, and is larger than that for quasicircularly polarized higher-order hybrid modes, TE modes, and TM modes in the region $a<498.2$ nm.

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• Generation of cold Rydberg atoms at submicron distances from an optical nanofiber
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• Spontaneous emission and energy shifts of a Rydberg rubidium atom close to an optical nanofiber
• Fabrication of Optical Nanofibre-Based Cavities using Focussed Ion-Beam Milling -- A Review
• Atom trapping and dynamics in the interaction of optical vortices with quadrupole-active transitions
• Quadrupole absorption rate and orbital angular momentum transfer for atoms in optical vortices
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• Coupling between guided modes of two parallel nanofibers
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• Direction-dependent coupling between a nanofiber-guided light field and a two-level atom with an electric quadrupole transition
• Optical angular momentum in atomic transitions: a paradox
• Absorption of hybrid fibre modes by Cs atoms in quadrupole transitions
• Repulsive Casimir-Polder potentials of low-lying excited states of a multilevel alkali-metal atom near an optical nanofiber