Propagation of nanofiber-guided light through an array of atoms

Abstract

We study the propagation of nanofiber-guided light through an array of atomic cesium, taking into account the transitions between the hyperfine levels $6S_{1/2}F=4$ and $6P_{3/2}{F}^{\prime }=5$ of the $D_2$ line. We derive the coupled-mode propagation equation, the input-output equation, the scattering matrix, the transfer matrix, and the reflection and transmission coefficients for the guided field in the linear, quasistationary, weak-excitation regime. We show that, when the initial distribution of populations of atomic ground-state sublevels is flat, the quasilinear polarizations along the principal axes $x$ and $y$, which are parallel and perpendicular, respectively, to the radial direction of the atomic position, are not coupled to each other in the linear coherent scattering process. When the guided probe field is quasilinearly polarized along the major principal axis $x$, forward and backward scattering have different characteristics. We find that, when the array period is far from the Bragg resonance, the backward scattering is weak. Under the Bragg resonance, most of the guided probe light can be reflected back in a broad region of field detunings even though there is an irreversible decay channel into radiation modes. When the atom number is large enough, two different band gaps may be formed, whose properties depend on the polarization of the guided probe field.

24 pages, 16 figures. Added references. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1406.0108

References in corpus (3)

• Photonic Band Gaps in One-Dimensionally Ordered Cold Atomic Vapors
• Anisotropy in scattering of light from an atom into the guided modes of a nanofiber
• Spontaneous radiative decay of translational levels of an atom near a dielectric surface

Cited by in corpus (10)

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• Electromagnetically induced transparency for guided light in an atomic array outside an optical nanofiber
• Channeling of spontaneous emission from an atom into the fundamental and higher-order modes of a vacuum-clad ultrathin optical fiber
• Subradiant edge states in an atom chain with waveguide-mediated hopping
• Concentrated subradiant modes in one-dimensional atomic array coupled with chiral waveguides
• The atomic damping basis and the collective decay of interacting two-level atoms
• Spontaneous Emission in the presence of Quantum Mirrors
• Photon-mediated interactions near a Dirac photonic crystal slab