Criteria for accurate determination of the magnon relaxation length from the nonlocal spin Seebeck effect

Abstract

The nonlocal transport of thermally generated magnons not only unveils the underlying mechanism of the spin Seebeck effect, but also allows for the extraction of the magnon relaxation length (${\lambda }_m$) in a magnetic material, the average distance over which thermal magnons can propagate. In this study, we experimentally explore in yttrium iron garnet (YIG)/platinum systems much further ranges compared with previous investigations. We observe that the nonlocal SSE signals at long distances ($d$) clearly deviate from a typical exponential decay. Instead, they can be dominated by the nonlocal generation of magnon accumulation as a result of the temperature gradient present away from the heater, and decay geometrically as $1/d^2$. We emphasize the importance of looking only into the exponential regime (i.e., the intermediate distance regime) to extract ${\lambda }_m$. With this principle, we study ${\lambda }_m$ as a function of temperature in two YIG films which are 2.7 and 50 $\mu$m in thickness, respectively. We find ${\lambda }_m$ to be around 15 $\mu$m at room temperature and it increases to 40 $\mu$m at $T=$ 3.5 K. Finite element modeling results agree with experimental studies qualitatively, showing also a geometrical decay beyond the exponential regime. Based on both experimental and modeling results we put forward a general guideline for extracting ${\lambda }_m$ from the nonlocal spin Seebeck effect.

arXiv comment9 pages, 7 figures

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• Composition-tunable magnon-polaron anomalies in spin Seebeck effects in epitaxial Bi${}_x$Y${}_{3-x}$Fe${}_5$O${}_{12}$ films
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• Tuning the diffusion of magnon in Y3Fe5O12 by light excitation
• Magnon currents excited by the spin Seebeck effect in ferromagnetic EuS thin films
• Short-range Thermal Magnon Diffusion in Magnetic Garnet
• Measurement of the heat flux normalised spin Seebeck coefficient of thin films as a function of temperature
• Non-local magnon transconductance in extended magnetic insulating films.\\Part II: two-fluid behavior
• Unconventional magnon transport in antiferromagnet NiPS${}_3$ induced by an anisotropic spin-flop transition