Threshold Collision Energy of the QCD Phase Diagram Tricritical Endpoint

Abstract

Using the most advanced formulation of the hadron resonance gas model we analyze the two sets of irregularities found at chemical freeze-out of central nuclear-nuclear collisions at the center of mass energies 3.8-4.9 GeV and 7.6-9.2 GeV. In addition to previously reported irregularities at the collision energies 4.9 GeV and 9.2 GeV we found sharp peaks of baryonic charge density. Also we analyze the collision energy dependence of the modified Wroblewski factor and the strangeness suppression factor. Based on the thermostatic properties of the mixed phase of a 1-st order phase transition and the ones of the Hagedorn mass spectrum we explain, respectively, the reason of observed chemical equilibration of strangeness at the collision energy 4.9 GeV and above 8.7 GeV. It is argued that the both sets of irregularities possibly evidence for two phase transitions, namely, the 1-st order transition at lower energy range and the 2-nd order transition at higher one. In combination with a recent analysis of the light nuclei number fluctuations we conclude that the center of mass collision energy range 8.8-9.2 GeV may be in the nearest vicinity of the QCD tricritical endpoint. The properties of the phase existing between two phase transitions are revealed and discussed.

arXiv comment24 pages, 6 figures, to appear in PEPAN Lett

References in corpus (41)

• Relativistic Equation of State of Nuclear Matter for Supernova and Neutron Star
• The QCD transition temperature: results with physical masses in the continuum limit
• Event-by-Event Fluctuations in Heavy Ion Collisions and the QCD Critical Point
• Hadron production in central nucleus-nucleus collisions at chemical freeze-out
• Energy Dependence of Pion and Kaon Production in Central Pb+Pb Collisions
• Identified particle distributions in pp and Au+Au collisions at sqrt{s_NN}=200 GeV
• What is the gamma gamma resonance at 750 GeV?
• Hadron Production in Ultra-relativistic Nuclear Collisions: Quarkyonic Matter and a Triple Point in the Phase Diagram of QCD
• Excitation Function of K${}^{+}$ and ${\pi }^{+}$ Production in Au+Au Reactions at 2-10 AGeV
• Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions within 3-Fluid Hydrodynamics: Hadronic Scenario
• Charged Pion Production in 2 to 8 AGeV Central Au+Au Collisions
• An Excitation Function of K${}^{-}$ and K${}^{+}$ Production in Au+Au Reactions at the AGS
• Probing QCD critical fluctuations from light nuclei production in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
• Observation of the critical end point in the phase diagram for hot and dense nuclear matter
• $\Lambda$ and $\bar{\Lambda }$ Production in Central Pb-Pb Collisions at 40, 80, and 158 A$\cdot$GeV
• Proton and Pion Production in Au+Au Collisions at 10.8A GeV/c
• Omega and Antiomega production in central Pb+Pb collisions at 40 and 158 AGeV
• Energy dependence of hyperon production in nucleus-nucleus collisions at SPS
• Chiral symmetry restoration in heavy-ion collisions at intermediate energies
• Chiral symmetry restoration versus deconfinement in heavy-ion collisions at high baryon density
• Chemical Freeze-out of Strange Particles and Possible Root of Strangeness Suppression
• Production and collective behavior of strange particles in Au + Au collisions at 2--8 AGeV
• Ratios of charged antiparticles to particles near mid-rapidity in Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 130 GeV
• Hadron Resonance Gas Model with Induced Surface Tension
• Simple Solution to the Strangeness Horn Description Puzzle
• Hydrodynamic modeling of deconfinement phase transition in heavy-ion collisions at NICA-FAIR energies
• Van der Waals Excluded Volume Model for Lorentz Contracted Rigid Spheres
• The Van-der-Waals Gas EOS for the Lorentz Contracted Spheres
• Finite-Size Effects and Scaling for the Thermal QCD Deconfinement Phase Transition within the Exact Color-Singlet Partition Function
• Thermodynamically Anomalous Regions As A Mixed Phase Signal
• Thermalization of Hadrons via Hagedorn States
• The horn in the kaon to pion ratio
• The Hagedorn thermostat
• Rapidity distributions around mid-rapidity of strange particles in Pb-Pb collisions at 158 $A$ GeV/c
• Fast Dynamical Evolution of Hadron Resonance Gas via Hagedorn States
• New Signals of Quark-Gluon-Hadron Mixed Phase Formation
• How tetraquarks can generate a second chiral phase transition
• Hadron Resonance Gas Model for An Arbitrarily Large Number of Different Hard-Core Radii
• Equation of State of Quantum Gases Beyond the Van der Waals Approximation
• Equilibration of hadrons in HICs via Hagedorn States
• Has the QCD critical point been observed at RHIC?

Cited by in corpus (15)

• Hadron Resonance Gas Model with Induced Surface Tension
• Fluctuations in cool quark matter and the phase diagram of Quantum Chromodynamics
• Neutron stars meet constraints from high and low energy nuclear physics
• Hard-core Radius of Nucleons within the Induced Surface Tension Approach
• Self-consistent Treatment of Quantum Gases of D-dimensional Hard Spheres Beyond the Van der Waals Approximation
• Second virial coefficients of light nuclear clusters and their chemical freeze-out in nuclear collisions
• Alternative Formulation of the Induced Surface and Curvature Tensions Approach
• The concept of induced surface and curvature tensions and a unified description of the gas of hard discs and hard spheres
• Possible signals of two QCD phase transitions at NICA-FAIR energies
• Resolution of hyper-triton chemical freeze-out puzzle in high energy nuclear collisions
• Strangeness and light fragment production at high baryon density
• Evidence of the QCD tricritical endpoint existence at NICA-FAIR energies
• Classical excluded volumes of loosely bound light (anti)nuclei and their chemical freeze-out in heavy ion collisions
• Triple nuclear collisions - a new method to explore the matter properties under new extreme conditions
• Chemical freeze-out of light nuclei in high energy nuclear collisions and resolution of the hyper-triton chemical freeze-out puzzle