A deep Parkes HI survey of the Sculptor group and filament: HI mass function and environment

Abstract

We present the results of a deep survey of the nearby Sculptor group and the associated Sculptor filament taken with the Parkes 64-m radio telescope in the 21-cm emission line of neutral hydrogen. We detect 31 HI sources in the Sculptor group/filament, eight of which are new HI detections. We derive a slope of the HI mass function along the Sculptor filament of $\alpha =-1.10_{-0.11}^{+0.20}$, which is significantly flatter than the global mass function and consistent with the flat slopes previously found in other low-density group environments. Some physical process, such as star formation, photoionisation or ram-pressure stripping, must therefore be responsible for removing neutral gas predominantly from low-mass galaxies. All of our HI detections have a confirmed or tentative optical counterpart and are likely associated with luminous rather than 'dark' galaxies. Despite a column density sensitivity of about $4\times 10^{17}{\mathrm{cm}}^{-2}$, we do not find any traces of extragalactic gas or tidal streams, suggesting that the Sculptor filament is, at the current time, a relatively quiescent environment that has not seen any recent major interactions or mergers.

20 pages, 11 figures, 4 tables; accepted for publication in MNRAS

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• Tracing satellite planes in the Sculptor group: II. Discovery of five faint dwarf galaxies in the DESI Legacy Survey
• Local dark energy in the Sculptor Filament of galaxies