Compressibility anomalies in stretched water and their interplay with density anomalies

Abstract

Water keeps puzzling scientists because of its numerous properties which behave oppositely to usual liquids: for instance, water expands upon cooling, and liquid water is denser than ice. To explain this anomalous behaviour, several theories have been proposed, with different predictions for the properties of supercooled water (liquid at conditions where ice is more stable). However, discriminating between those theories with experiments has remained elusive because of spontaneous ice nucleation. Here we measure the sound velocity in liquid water stretched to negative pressure, and derive an experimental equation of state, which reveals compressibility anomalies. We show by rigorous thermodynamic relations how these anomalies are intricately linked with the density anomaly. Some features we observe are necessary conditions for the validity of two theories of water.

17 pages, 3 figures, 24 references

References in corpus (1)

• Shrinking of Rapidly Evaporating Water Microdroplets Reveals their Extreme Supercooling

Cited by in corpus (8)

• Thermodynamics of Fluid Polyamorphism
• Anomalous Behavior in the Nucleation of Ice at Negative Pressures
• The physics of Empty Liquids: from Patchy particles to Water
• The stability-limit conjecture revisited
• Interfacial Properties of Fluids Exhibiting Liquid Polyamorphism and Water-Like Anomalies
• Water at negative pressure: Nuclear quantum effects
• Statistical mechanical theory of liquid water
• Effects of compressibility and wetting on the liquid-vapor transition in a confined fluid