Recent experimental results in sub- and near-barrier heavy ion fusion reactions

Abstract

Recent advances obtained in the field of near and sub-barrier heavy-ion fusion reactions are reviewed. Emphasis is given to the results obtained in the last decade, and focus will be mainly on the experimental work performed concerning the influence of transfer channels on fusion cross sections and the hindrance phenomenon far below the barrier. Indeed, early data of sub-barrier fusion taught us that cross sections may strongly depend on the low-energy collective modes of the colliding nuclei, and, possibly, on couplings to transfer channels. The coupled-channels (CC) model has been quite successful in the interpretation of the experimental evidences. Fusion barrier distributions often yield the fingerprint of the relevant coupled channels. Recent results obtained by using radioactive beams are reported. At deep sub-barrier energies, the slope of the excitation function in a semi-logarithmic plot keeps increasing in many cases and standard CC calculations over-predict the cross sections. This was named a hindrance phenomenon, and its physical origin is still a matter of debate. Recent theoretical developments suggest that this effect, at least partially, may be a consequence of the Pauli exclusion principle. The hindrance may have far-reaching consequences in astrophysics where fusion of light systems determines stellar evolution during the carbon and oxygen burning stages, and yields important information for exotic reactions that take place in the inner crust of accreting neutron stars.

40 pages, 63 figures, review paper accepted for EPJA

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Cited by in corpus (16)

• Coupled-channels calculations for nuclear reactions: from exotic nuclei to superheavy elements
• The total reaction cross section of heavy-ion reactions induced by stable and unstable exotic beams: The low-energy regime
• Time-dependent Hartree-Fock plus Langevin approach for hot fusion reactions to synthesize the $Z=120$ superheavy element
• Potential roots of the deep sub-barrier heavy-ion fusion hindrance phenomenon
• Fusion reaction of a weakly-bound nucleus with a deformed target
• Systematic study of fusion barrier characteristics within the relativistic mean-field formalism
• Subbarrier fusion reactions of an aligned deformed nucleus
• Liénard-Wiechert potential of a heavy quark moving in QGP medium
• Production of super-heavy nuclei in cold fusion reactions
• Medium dependent relativistic NN potential: Application to the fusion dynamics
• Fusion of ${}^7$Li with ${}^{205}$Tl at near barrier energies
• Proton and neutron exchange as a prelude to fusion at near-barrier energies
• Nuclear incompressibility and its enduring impact on fusion cross-section
• Role of nuclear deformation and orientation about symmetry axis of target nucleus on heavy-ion fusion dynamics
• Re-examination of fusion hindrance in astrophysical ${}^{12}$C+${}^{12}$C and ${}^{12}$C+${}^{13}$C reactions
• Semi-classical approaches to heavy-ion reactions: fusion, rainbow, and glory