Microscopic theory for the time irreversibility and the entropy production

Abstract

In stochastic thermodynamics, the entropy production of a thermodynamic system is defined by the irreversibility measured by the logarithm of the ratio of the path probabilities in the forward and reverse processes. We derive the relation between the irreversibility and the entropy production starting from the deterministic equations of motion of the whole system consisting of a physical system and a surrounding thermal environment. The physical system is driven by a nonconservative force. The derivation assumes the Markov approximation that the environmental degrees of freedom equilibrate instantaneously. Our approach concerns the irreversibility of the whole system not only the irreversibility of the physical system only. This approach provides a guideline for the choice of the proper reverse process to a given forward process. We demonstrate our idea with an example of a charged particle in the presence of a time-varying magnetic field.

7 pages, 2 eps figures

References in corpus (7)

• Integral fluctuation theorem for the housekeeping heat
• Entropy production and fluctuation theorems for active matter
• Entropy production and coarse-graining in Markov processes
• Active Brownian particles: Entropy production and fluctuation-response
• Coarse graining of master equations with fast and slow states
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Cited by in corpus (7)

• Clausius relation for active particles: what can we learn from fluctuations?
• Thermodynamic uncertainty relation for underdamped Langevin systems driven by a velocity-dependent force
• Universal form of thermodynamic uncertainty relation for Langevin dynamics
• Universal Property of the Housekeeping Entropy Production
• Rectification of energy and motion in non-equilibrium parity violating metamaterials
• Entropy and Thermodynamic second laws: New perspective - stochastic thermodynamics and fluctuation theorems
• Thermodynamic uncertainty relation in the overdamped limit with a magnetic Lorentz force