Universal many-body response of heavy impurities coupled to a Fermi sea

Abstract

In this work we discuss the dynamical response of heavy quantum impurities immersed in a Fermi gas at zero and at finite temperature. Studying both the frequency and the time domain allows one to identify interaction regimes that are characterized by distinct many-body dynamics. From this theoretical study a picture emerges in which impurity dynamics is universal on essentially all time scales, and where the high-frequency few-body response is related to the long-time dynamics of the Anderson orthogonality catastrophe by Tan relations. Our theoretical description relies on different and complementary approaches: functional determinants give an exact numerical solution for time- and frequency-resolved responses, bosonization provides analytical expressions at low temperatures, and the theory of Toeplitz determinants allows one to analytically predict response up to high temperatures. Using these approaches we predict the thermal decoherence rate and prove that within the considered model the fastest rate of long-time decoherence is given by $\gamma =\pi k_{B}T/4$. We show that Feshbach resonances in cold atomic systems give access to new interaction regimes where quantum effects prevail even in the thermal regime of many-body dynamics. The key signature of this phenomenon is a crossover between exponential decay rates of the real-time Ramsey signal. It is shown that the physics of the orthogonality catastrophe is experimentally observable up to temperatures $T/T_F\lesssim 0.2$ where it leaves its fingerprint in a power-law temperature dependence of thermal spectral weight and we review how this phenomenon is related to the physics of heavy ions in liquid ${}^3$He and the formation of Fermi polarons. The presented results are in excellent agreement with recent experiments on LiK mixtures, and we predict several phenomena that can be tested using currently available experimental technology.

27+16 pages, 21 figures; final version

References in corpus (60)

• Many-Body Physics with Ultracold Gases
• Quantum phase transition from a superfluid to a Mott insulator in a gas of ultracold atoms
• Topological characterization of periodically-driven quantum systems
• Spin-Injection Spectroscopy of a Spin-Orbit Coupled Fermi Gas
• Crossover from a molecular Bose-Einstein condensate to a degenerate Fermi gas
• Observation of Fermi Polarons in a Tunable Fermi Liquid of Ultracold Atoms
• Attractive and repulsive Fermi polarons in two dimensions
• Generalized Virial Theorem and Pressure Relation for a strongly correlated Fermi gas
• Observation of two-orbital spin-exchange interactions with ultracold SU(N)-symmetric fermions
• Fermi-Polaron: Diagrammatic Monte Carlo for Divergent Sign-Alternating Series
• Itinerant Ferromagnetism in a Fermi Gas of Ultracold Atoms
• Exact Relations for a Strongly-interacting Fermi Gas from the Operator Product Expansion
• Repulsive Fermi polarons in a resonant mixture of ultracold ${}^6$Li atoms
• Normal state of a polarized Fermi gas at unitarity
• Time dependent impurity in ultracold fermions: orthogonality catastrophe and beyond
• Dynamic response of one-dimensional interacting fermions
• Normal state of highly polarized Fermi gases: Full many-body treatment
• Excitation spectra and rf-response near the polaron-to-molecule transition from the functional renormalization group
• Variational study of polarons in Bose-Einstein condensates
• Exact edge singularities and dynamical correlations in spin-1/2 chains
• Scattering in Mixed Dimensions with Ultracold Gases
• Rotation of quantum impurities in the presence of a many-body environment
• Theory of RF-spectroscopy of strongly interacting Fermions
• Full counting statistics for noninteracting fermions: Exact results and the Levitov-Lesovik formula
• Spectral function of spinless fermions on a one-dimensional lattice
• Two and Three-body Contacts in the Unitary Bose Gas
• Trimers, molecules and polarons in imbalanced atomic Fermi gases
• Exact Relations for a Strongly-interacting Fermi Gas near a Feshbach Resonance
• Polaron-molecule transitions in a two-dimensional Fermi gas
• Highly polarized Fermi gases in two dimensions
• Adiabatic association of ultracold molecules via magnetic field tunable interactions
• Ground state of a tightly bound composite dimer immersed in a Fermi Sea
• Coherence and clock shifts in ultracold Fermi gases with resonant interactions
• Visualizing Efimov Correlations in the Bose Polaron
• Coherent ultrafast core-hole correlation spectroscopy: x-ray analogues of multidimensional NMR
• The Bose polaron problem: effect of mass imbalance on binding energy
• Polarons and Molecules in a Two-Dimensional Fermi Gas
• Polarons in Ultracold Fermi Superfluids
• Wave-packet Formalism of Full Counting Statistics
• Decay of polarons and molecules in a strongly polarized Fermi gas
• Phase structure of mass- and spin-imbalanced unitary Fermi gases
• Non-equilibrium 1D many-body problems and asymptotic properties of Toeplitz determinants
• Radio frequency spectroscopy of a strongly imbalanced Feshbach-resonant Fermi gas
• Impurity Green's function of a one-dimensional Fermi-gas
• Bound states in a quasi-two-dimensional Fermi gas
• Diagrammatic Monte Carlo study of mass-imbalanced Fermi-polaron system
• Molecule and polaron in a highly polarized two-dimensional Fermi gas with spin-orbit coupling
• Diagrammatic Monte Carlo study of quasi-two-dimensional Fermi-polarons
• Generalized Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov Description of the Frohlich Polaron
• The p-wave polaron
• Polarons and Molecules in a Fermi Gas with Orbital Feshbach Resonance
• Fermi Edge Singularities in the Mesoscopic Regime: I. Anderson Orthogonality Catastrophe
• Hartree-Fock treatment of Fermi polarons using the Lee-Low-Pine transformation
• Probing the dynamic structure factor of a neutral Fermi superfluid along the BCS-BEC crossover using atomic impurity qubits
• Exact results for polaron and molecule in one-dimensional spin-1/2 Fermi gas
• The self-energy of an impurity in an ideal Fermi gas to second order in the interaction strength
• Mobile magnetic impurities in a Fermi superfluid: a route to designer molecules
• Spin Localization of a Fermi Polaron in a Quasirandom Optical Lattice
• Fermi-edge singularity in the vicinity of the resonant scattering condition
• Free time evolution of a tracer particle coupled to a Fermi gas in the high-density limit

Cited by in corpus (151)

• Atomistic defect states as quantum emitters in monolayer MoS${}_2$
• Bose polarons near quantum criticality
• Creation of Rydberg Polarons in a Bose Gas
• Non-equilibrium quantum dynamics and formation of the Bose polaron
• Boiling a Unitary Fermi Liquid
• Optical properties of charged excitons in two-dimensional semiconductors
• In situ thermometry of a cold Fermi gas via dephasing impurities
• Quench Dynamics and Orthogonality Catastrophe of Bose Polarons
• Theory of exciton-electron scattering in atomically thin semiconductors
• Few-body Bose gases in low dimensions -- a laboratory for quantum dynamics
• Observation of coherent multiorbital polarons in a two-dimensional Fermi gas
• Observation of a smooth polaron-molecule transition in a degenerate Fermi gas
• Effective approach to impurity dynamics in one-dimensional trapped Bose gases
• Theory of excitation of Rydberg polarons in an atomic quantum gas
• Mediated interactions between Fermi polarons and the role of impurity quantum statistics
• Mobile impurity in a Bose-Einstein condensate and the orthogonality catastrophe
• Stability and breakdown of Fermi polarons in a strongly interacting Fermi-Bose mixture
• Universal aspects of a strongly interacting impurity in a dilute Bose condensate
• Observation of electrically tunable Feshbach resonances in twisted bilayer semiconductors
• Orthogonality catastrophe in dissipative quantum many body systems
• Non-equilibrium quantum impurity problems via matrix-product states in the temporal domain
• Hexcitons and oxcitons in monolayer WSe${}_2$
• Ionic polaron in a Bose-Einstein condensate
• Variational approach for impurity dynamics at finite temperature
• A Many-Body Theory of the Optical Conductivity of Excitons and Trions in Two-Dimensional Materials
• Many-body quantum dynamics and induced correlations of Bose polarons
• Quantum behavior of a heavy impurity strongly coupled to a Bose gas
• Many-body interferometry of magnetic polaron dynamics
• Phase Separation Dynamics Induced by an Interaction Quench of a Correlated Fermi-Fermi Mixture in a Double Well
• Dynamical variational approach to Bose polarons at finite temperatures
• Theory of radio-frequency spectroscopy of impurities in quantum gases
• Dissipative correlated dynamics of a moving impurity immersed in a Bose-Einstein Condensate
• Transport of neutral optical excitations using electric fields
• Fractons from polarons
• Coherent and dephasing spectroscopy for single-impurity probing of an ultracold bath
• Heavy polarons in ultracold atomic Fermi superfluids at the BEC-BCS crossover: formalism and applications
• Many-body theory of optical absorption in doped two-dimensional semiconductors
• Correlated Tunneling Dynamics of an Ultracold Fermi-Fermi Mixture Confined in a Double-Well
• Polaron Problems in Ultracold Atoms: Role of a Fermi Sea across Different Spatial Dimensions and Quantum Fluctuations of a Bose Medium
• Exact quasiparticle properties of a heavy polaron in BCS Fermi superfluids
• Exciton-Trion-Polaritons in Two-Dimensional Materials
• Rydberg impurity in a Fermi gas: Quantum statistics and rotational blockade
• Correlated quantum dynamics of two quenched fermionic impurities immersed in a Bose-Einstein Condensate
• Efimov states near a Feshbach resonance and the limits of van der Waals universality at finite background scattering length
• Quench Dynamics of the Ideal Bose Polaron at Zero and Nonzero Temperatures
• Doping a lattice-trapped bosonic species with impurities: From ground state properties to correlated tunneling dynamics
• Tunable Feshbach resonances and their spectral signatures in bilayer semiconductors
• Fermi polarons at finite temperature: Spectral function and rf-spectroscopy
• Crossover polarons in a strongly interacting Fermi superfluid
• Exploring ultracold collisions in ${}^6$Li-${}^{53}$Cr Fermi mixtures: Feshbach resonances and scattering properties of a novel alkali-transition metal system
• Breakdown of the Fermi polaron description near Fermi degeneracy at unitarity
• Pump Probe Spectroscopy of Bose Polarons: Dynamical Formation and Coherence
• In-medium bound states of two bosonic impurities in a one-dimensional Fermi gas
• Polarons and their induced interactions in highly imbalanced triple mixtures
• Interactions mediated by atoms, photons, electrons, and excitons
• Many-body collisional dynamics of impurities injected into a double-well trapped Bose-Einstein condensate
• Transport through interacting defects and lack of thermalisation
• Thermodynamics of decoherence
• Emergence of a sharp quantum collective mode in a one-dimensional Fermi polaron
• Correlated dynamics of fermionic impurities induced by the counterflow of an ensemble of fermions
• Radio-frequency response and contact of impurities in a quantum gas
• Quantum-limited thermometry of a Fermi gas with a charged spin particle
• Topological transport of mobile impurities
• Pattern formation in one-dimensional polaron systems and temporal orthogonality catastrophe
• Inducing spin-order with an impurity: phase diagram of the magnetic Bose polaron
• Bose polaron in spherical trap potentials: Spatial structure and quantum depletion
• The Structure and Dispersion of Exciton-Trion-Polaritons in Two-Dimensional Materials: Experiments and Theory
• Counterflow dynamics of two correlated impurities immersed in a bosonic gas
• Induced interactions and quench dynamics of bosonic impurities immersed in a Fermi sea
• Thermometry by correlated dephasing of impurities in a 1D Fermi gas
• Pulse and continuously driven many-body quantum dynamics of bosonic impurities in a Bose-Einstein condensate
• Intersections of ultracold atomic polarons and nuclear clusters: How is a chart of nuclides modified in dilute neutron matter?
• Confinement induced impurity states in spin chains
• Polaron spectroscopy of interacting Fermi systems: insights from exact diagonalization
• Binding two and three $\alpha$ particles in cold neutron matter
• Crossover from attractive to repulsive induced interactions and bound states of two distinguishable Bose polarons
• Radiofrequency spectroscopy of one-dimensional trapped Bose polarons: crossover from the adiabatic to the diabatic regime
• Two-dimensional coherent spectroscopy of trion-polaritons and exciton-polaritons in atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides
• Strongly interacting impurities in a dilute Bose condensate
• Efficient variational approach to dynamics of a spatially extended bosonic Kondo model
• Particle imbalanced weakly interacting quantum droplets in one-dimension
• Non-equilibrium dynamics of dipolar polarons
• Compound atom-ion Josephson junction: Effects of finite temperature and ion motion
• Memory effects in a quasi-periodic Fermi lattice
• Multidimensional Spectroscopy of Time-Dependent Impurities in Ultracold Fermions
• Atomtronics with a spin: statistics of spin transport and non-equilibrium orthogonality catastrophe in cold quantum gases
• Pattern formation of correlated impurities subjected to an impurity-medium interaction pulse
• Engineering impurity Bell states through coupling with a quantum bath
• Nonequilibrium quantum thermodynamics of determinantal many-body systems: Application to the Tonks-Girardeau and ideal Fermi gases
• The role of quantum work statistics in many-body physics
• Mobile impurity in a one-dimensional gas at finite temperatures
• Fermionic matter-wave quantum optics with cold-atom impurity models
• Two-body quench dynamics of harmonically trapped interacting particles
• Orthogonality catastrophe and fractional exclusion statistics
• Thermally stable p-wave repulsive Fermi polaron without a two-body bound state
• Polaron spectra and edge singularities for correlated flat bands
• Medium-induced bosonic clusters in a Bose-Fermi mixture: Towards simulating cluster formations in neutron-rich matter
• Theory of the spectral function of Fermi polarons at finite temperature
• Phases and dynamics of few fermionic impurities immersed in two-dimensional boson droplets
• Raman spectroscopy of Fermi polarons
• Engineering momentum profiles of cold-atom beams
• Time-dependent nuclear energy-density functional theory toolkit for neutron star crust: Dynamics of a nucleus in a neutron superfluid
• Controlling superfluid flows using dissipative impurities
• Dissipative dynamics of an impurity with spin-orbit coupling
• Exact calculation of spectral properties of a particle interacting with a one-dimensional Fermi gas in optical lattices
• Statistics of orthogonality catastrophe events in localised disordered lattices
• Exact results for heavy unitary Bose polarons
• Fermi spin polaron and dissipative Fermi-polaron Rabi dynamics
• Connecting scrambling and work statistics for short-range interactions in the harmonic oscillator
• Spectra of heavy polarons and molecules coupled to a Fermi sea
• Entangling lattice-trapped bosons with a free impurity: impact on stationary and dynamical properties
• Fermi polaron in atom-ion hybrid systems
• Bose polaron in spherically symmetric trap potentials: Ground states with zero and lower angular momenta
• Mass-gap description of heavy impurities in Fermi gases
• Intra- and interband excitations induced residue decay of the Bose polaron in a one-dimensional double-well
• Impurity with a resonance in the vicinity of the Fermi energy
• Emergent Mott-insulators at non-integer fillings and devil's staircase induced by attractive interaction in many-body polarons
• Variational theory of angulons and their rotational spectroscopy
• Probing polaron clouds by Rydberg atom spectroscopy
• Boson-fermion pairing and condensation in two-dimensional Bose-Fermi mixtures
• Thermally induced localization of dopants in a magnetic spin ladder
• Subleading logarithmic behavior in the parquet formalism
• Orthogonality catastrophe in Coulomb systems
• Effective approaches to the dynamical properties of two distinguishable Bose polarons
• Tuning Dissipation and Excitations in Superfluid Fermi Gases with a Moving Impurity
• Interaction between an impurity and nonlinear excitations in a polariton condensate
• Super Fermi polaron and Nagaoka ferromagnetism in a two-dimesnional square lattice
• Impact of quantum coherence on the dynamics and thermodynamics of quenched free fermions coupled to a localized defect
• Linear rotor in an ideal Bose gas near the threshold for binding
• Exploring universal and non-universal regimes of trimers from three-body interactions in one-dimensional lattices
• An efficient high-current circuit for fast radio-frequency spectroscopy in cold atomic gases
• Spectral function of Fermi polarons at finite temperature from a self-consistent many-body $T$-matrix approach in real frequency
• Microscopic many-body theory of two-dimensional coherent spectroscopy of excitons and trions in atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides
• Repulsive Fermi and Bose Polarons in Quantum Gases
• Thermalization by off-shell processes: the virtues of small virtuality
• Exact spectral properties of Fermi polarons in one-dimensional lattices: Anomalous Fermi singularities and polaron quasiparticles
• Exact steady states of the impurity-doped XXZ spin chain coupled to dissipators
• Resonantly enhanced superconductivity mediated by spinor condensates
• Dynamical formation of two-fold fragmented many-body state induced by an impurity in a double-well
• Decay rates and decoherence of an interstitial two-level spin impurity in a ferromagnetic lattice
• Efficient variational approach to the Fermi polaron problem in two dimensions, both in and out of equilibrium
• Terahertz radiation induced attractive-repulsive Fermi polaron conversion in transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers
• Process Tensor Approaches to Non-Markovian Quantum Dynamics
• Competition of light- and phonon-dressing in microwave-dressed Bose polarons
• Phenomenological model of decaying Bose polarons
• Orthogonalization speed-up from quantum coherence after a sudden quench
• Impurity in a zero-temperature three-dimensional Fermi gas
• Probing Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer pairing and quasiparticle formation in ultracold gases by Rydberg atom spectroscopy
• Ground-state-energy universality of noninteracting fermionic systems
• Signatures of the orthogonality catastrophe in a coherently driven impurity
• Nonequilibrium many-body dynamics in supersymmetric quenching