Coherent control via weak measurements in ${}^{31}$P single-atom electron and nuclear spin qubits

Abstract

The understanding of weak measurements and interaction-free measurements has greatly expanded the conceptual and experimental toolbox to explore the quantum world. Here we demonstrate single-shot variable-strength weak measurements of the electron and the nuclear spin states of a single ${}^{31}$P donor in silicon. We first show how the partial collapse of the nuclear spin due to measurement can be used to coherently rotate the spin to a desired pure state. We explicitly demonstrate that phase coherence is preserved throughout multiple sequential single-shot weak measurements, and that the partial state collapse can be reversed. Second, we use the relation between measurement strength and perturbation of the nuclear state as a physical meter to extract the tunneling rates between the ${}^{31}$P donor and a nearby electron reservoir from data, conditioned on observing no tunneling events. Our experiments open avenues to measurement-based state preparation, steering and feedback protocols for spin systems in the solid state, and highlight the fundamental connection between information gain and state modification in quantum mechanics.

arXiv comment6 pages main text + 3 pages supplementary

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• Exploring quantum chaos with a single nuclear spin
• Quantum walks: the first detected transition time
• Beating the thermal limit of qubit initialization with a Bayesian Maxwell's demon
• Spin rotation by resonant electric field in few-level quantum dots: Floquet dynamics and tunneling
• Relationship between subjecting the qubit to dynamical decoupling and to a sequence of projective measurements
• Fast high-fidelity single-qubit gates for flip-flop qubits in silicon
• Balancing coherent and dissipative dynamics in a central-spin system
• Characterization of a quasi-static environment with a qubit
• Fast noise-resistant control of donor nuclear spin qubits in silicon
• Hyperfine-assisted decoherence of a phosphorus nuclear-spin qubit in silicon
• Lyapunov-Based Stabilization and Control of the Stochastic Schrodinger Equation
• Compared study of Shannon, Tsallis and Gaussian entropy of bound magnetopolaron in nanostructures
• Maximizing the nondemolition nature of a quantum measurement via an adaptive readout protocol