Once in a blue moon: detection of 'bluing' during debris transits in the white dwarf WD1145+017

Abstract

The first transiting planetesimal orbiting a white dwarf was recently detected in K2 data of WD1145+017 and has been followed up intensively. The multiple, long, and variable transits suggest the transiting objects are dust clouds, probably produced by a disintegrating asteroid. In addition, the system contains circumstellar gas, evident by broad absorption lines, mostly in the u'-band, and a dust disc, indicated by an infrared excess. Here we present the first detection of a change in colour of WD1145+017 during transits, using simultaneous multi-band fast-photometry ULTRACAM measurements over the u'g'r'i'-bands. The observations reveal what appears to be 'bluing' during transits; transits are deeper in the redder bands, with a u'-r' colour difference of up to ~-0.05 mag. We explore various possible explanations for the bluing. 'Spectral' photometry obtained by integrating over bandpasses in the spectroscopic data in- and out-of-transit, compared to the photometric data, shows that the observed colour difference is most likely the result of reduced circumstellar absorption in the spectrum during transits. This indicates that the transiting objects and the gas share the same line-of-sight, and that the gas covers the white dwarf only partially, as would be expected if the gas, the transiting debris, and the dust emitting the infrared excess, are part of the same general disc structure (although possibly at different radii). In addition, we present the results of a week-long monitoring campaign of the system.

arXiv commentMNRAS, in press

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• Relentless and Complex Transits from a Planetesimal Debris Disk
• A dearth of small particles in the transiting material around the white dwarf WD 1145+017
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• A Large Ground-Based Observing Campaign of the Disintegrating Planet K2-22b
• WD 1145+017: Alternative models of the atmosphere, dust clouds, and gas rings
• Time resolved spectroscopy of dust and gas from extrasolar planetesimals orbiting WD 1145+017