A study of singly deuterated cyclopropenylidene c-C3HD in protostar IRAS 16293-2422

Abstract

Cyclic-C3HD (c-C3HD) is a singly deuterated isotopologue of c-C3H2, which is one of the most abundant and widespread molecules in our Galaxy. We observed IRAS 16293-2422 in the 3 mm band with a single frequency setup using the EMIR heterodyne 3 mm receiver of the IRAM 30m telescope. We observed seven lines of c-C3HD and three lines of c-C3H2. Observed abundances are compared with astrochemical simulations using the NAUTILUS gas-grain chemical model. Our results clearly show that c-C3HD can be used as an important supplement for studying chemistry and physical conditions for cold environments. Assuming that the size of the protostellar envelope is 3000 AU and same excitation temperatures for both c-C3H2 and c-C3HD, we obtain a deuterium fraction of $14_{-3}^{+4}\%$.

Accepted for publication in MNRAS

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• New constraints on the initial parameters of low-mass star formation from chemical modeling
• An 18-25 GHz spectroscopic survey of dense cores in the Chamaeleon I molecular cloud
• c-C3H2 deuteration towards prestellar and starless cores in the Perseus Molecular Cloud