Chemistry of TMC-1 with multiply deuterated species and spin chemistry of H2, H2+, H3+ and their isotopologues

Abstract

Deuterated species are unique and powerful tools in astronomy since they can probe the physical conditions, chemistry, and ionization level of various astrophysical media. Recent observations of several deuterated species along with some of their spin isomeric forms have rekindled the interest for more accurate studies on deuterium fractionation. This paper presents the first publicly available chemical network of multiply deuterated species along with spin chemistry implemented on the latest state-of-the-art gas-grain chemical code `NAUTILUS'. D/H ratios for all deuterated species observed at different positions of TMC-1 are compared with the results of our model, which considers multiply deuterated species along with the spin chemistry of light hydrogen bearing species H2, H2+, H3+ and their isotopologues. We also show the differences in the modeled abundances of non-deuterated species after the inclusion of deuteration and spin chemistry in the model. Finally, we present a list of potentially observable deuterated species in TMC-1 awaiting detection.

Accepted for publication in MNRAS on Dec. 22nd

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• A study of singly deuterated cyclopropenylidene c-C3HD in protostar IRAS 16293-2422
• Modeling chemistry during star formation: Water deuteration in dynamic star-forming regions
• TRAO Survey of the nearby filamentary molecular clouds, the universal nursery of stars (TRAO FUNS). II. Filaments and Dense cores in IC 5146
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• Three dimensional projection effects on chemistry in a Planck galactic cold clump
• Deuterium Chemodynamics of Massive Pre-Stellar Cores
• Direct D-atom incorporation in radicals: An overlooked pathway for deuterium fractionation
• Chemical variations across the TMC-1 boundary: molecular tracers from translucent phase to dense phase
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• Cl+ and HCl+ in Reaction with H2 and Isotopologues: A Glance into H Abstraction and Indirect Exchange at Astrophysical Conditions
• Deuterium Chemistry in the Young Massive Protostellar Core NGC 2264 CMM3