Ultra-fast control of magnetic relaxation in a periodically driven Hubbard model

Abstract

Motivated by cold atom and ultra-fast pump-probe experiments we study the melting of long-range antiferromagnetic order of a perfect Néel state in a periodically driven repulsive Hubbard model. The dynamics is calculated for a Bethe lattice in infinite dimensions with non-equilibrium dynamical mean-field theory. In the absence of driving melting proceeds differently depending on the quench of the interactions to hopping ratio $U/J_0$ from the atomic limit. For $U\gg J_0$ decay occurs due to mobile charge-excitations transferring energy to the spin sector, while for $J_0\gtrsim U$ it is governed by the dynamics of residual quasi-particles. Here we explore the rich effects strong periodic driving has on this relaxation process spanning three frequency $\omega$ regimes: (i) high-frequency $\omega \gg U,J_0$, (ii) resonant $l\omega =U>J_0$ with integer $l$, and (iii) in-gap $U>\omega >J_0$ away from resonance. In case (i) we can quickly switch the decay from quasi-particle to charge-excitation mechanism through the suppression of $J_0$. For (ii) the interaction can be engineered, even allowing an effective $U=0$ regime to be reached, giving the reverse switch from a charge-excitation to quasi-particle decay mechanism. For (iii) the exchange interaction can be controlled with little effect on the decay. By combining these regimes we show how periodic driving could be a potential pathway for controlling magnetism in antiferromagnetic materials. Finally, our numerical results demonstrate the accuracy and applicability of matrix product state techniques to the Hamiltonian DMFT impurity problem subjected to strong periodic driving.

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• The antiferromagnetic phase of the Floquet-driven Hubbard model
• Nonequilibrium Steady States and Resonant Tunneling in Time-Periodically Driven Systems with Interactions
• Ground state phase diagram of the one-dimensional $t$-$J$ model with pair hopping terms
• Method for finding the exact effective Hamiltonian of time driven quantum systems
• Dynamical quantum phase transitions in the one-dimensional extended Fermi-Hubbard model
• Anomalous spin-charge separation in a driven Hubbard system
• Controllable Finite-Momenta Dynamical Quasicondensation in the Periodically Driven One-Dimensional Fermi-Hubbard Model
• Floquet Schrieffer-Wolff transform based on Sylvester equations
• Long-lived non-thermal states in pumped one-dimensional systems of hard-core bosons