London penetration depth and thermal fluctuations in the sulphur hydride 203 K superconductor

Abstract

Recently, compressed H${}_2$S has been shown to become superconducting at 203 K under a pressure of 155 GPa. One might expect fluctuations to dominate at such temperatures. Using the magnetisation critical current, we determine the ground-state London penetration depth, ${\lambda }_0$=189 nm, and the superconducting energy gap, ${\Delta }_0$=27.8 meV, and find these parameters are similar to those of cuprate superconductors. We also determine the fluctuation temperature scale, $T_{\text{fluc}}=1470$ K, which shows that, unlike the cuprates, $T_c$ of the hydride is not limited by fluctuations. This is due to its three dimensionality and suggests the search for better superconductors should refocus on three-dimensional systems where the inevitable thermal fluctuations are less likely to reduce the observed $T_c$.

10 pages, 1 Figure. Annalen der Physik, published online 23 December 2016, http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/andp.201600390/abstract

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